In single-bubble sonoluminescence, repeated brief flashes of light are produced in a gas bubble strongly driven by a periodic acoustic field. A startling hypothesis has been made by Lohse and co-workers [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1359 (1997)] that the non-noble gases in an air bubble undergo chemical reaction into soluble products, leaving only argon. In the present work, this dissociation hypothesi...

the aim of this study was to investigate the removal of toluene from air through nano-graphene modified by ionic liquid (ng-il). the batch adsorption experiments in glass bottle of gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (gc-fid) were used. graphene ultrahigh-quality synthesized by substrate-free gas-phase method in a single step and graphene sheets were deposited with ionic-...

We report on the influence of submerged bubble clouds on the remote sensing properties of water. We show that the optical effect of bubbles on radiative transfer and on the estimate of the ocean color is significant. We present a global map of the volume fraction of air in water derived from daily wind speed data. This map, together with the parameterization of the microphysical properties, sho...

Dynamic forces between a 50 microm radius bubble driven towards and from a mica plate using an atomic force microscope in electrolyte and in surfactant exhibit different hydrodynamic boundary conditions at the bubble surface. In added surfactant, the forces are consistent with the no-slip boundary condition at the mica and bubble surfaces. With no surfactant, a new boundary condition that accou...

A sonoluminescing bubble has been modeled as a thermally conducting, partially ionized, two-component plasma. The model shows that the measured picosecond pulse widths are due to electron conduction and the rapidly changing opacity of the plasma and that these mechanisms are also responsible for the absence of an “afterglow” subsequent to the sonoluminescence flash while the hot bubble expands ...

The multiple scattering of light by aqueous foams is systematically studied as a function of wavelength, bubble size, and liquid fraction. Results are analyzed in terms of the transport mean free path of the photons and an extrapolation length ratio for the diffuse photon concentration field. The wavelength dependence is minimal and may be attributed entirely to the wavelength dependence of the...

Gas ratios in air withdrawn from polar firn (snowpack) show systematic enrichments of Ne/N2, O2/N2 and Ar/N2, in the firn–ice transition region where bubbles are closing off. Air from the bubbles in polar ice is correspondingly depleted in these ratios, after accounting for gravitational effects. Gas in the bubbles becomes fractionated during the process of bubble close-off and fractionation ma...

A microphotoreactor device was developed to generate bubbles (1.4 mm diameter, 90 μL) containing singlet oxygen at levels toxic to bacteria and fungus. As singlet oxygen decays rapidly to triplet oxygen, the bubbles leave behind no waste or byproducts other than O(2). From a comparative study in deaerated, air saturated, and oxygenated solutions, it was reasoned that the singlet oxygen bubbles ...

Nano-scratch and nano-indentation were used to determine hardness, elastic modulus, adhesion, friction and wear resistance of chromium oxide coatings in air and in water. The friction coefficient is higher in water, compared to air, and it increases with the applied normal load, although there are no obvious differences in hardness and elastic modulus in air vs. water. A higher normal load incr...

We demonstrated a unique rectangular air bubble by means of splicing two sections of standard single mode fibers together and tapering the splicing joint. Such an air bubble can be used to develop a promising high-sensitivity strain sensor based on Fabry-Perot interference. The sensitivity of the strain sensor with a cavity length of about 61 μm and a wall thickness of about 1 μm was measured t...