Bio-activation of titanium surface by Na plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIII and D) is illustrated by precipitation of calcium phosphate and cell culture. The bioactivity of the plasma-implanted titanium is compared to that of the untreated, Na beam-line implanted and NaOH-treated titanium samples. Our data show that the samples can be classified into two groups: non-bioactiv...

Dam construction causes the accumulation of phosphorus in the sediments of reservoirs and increases the release rate of internal phosphorus (P) loading. This study investigated the longitudinal variability of phosphorus fractions in sediments and the relationship between the contents of phosphorus fractions and its influencing factors of the Manwan Reservoir, Lancang River, Yunnan Province, Chi...

Development of reliable regional or global carbon budgets requires accurate measurement of soil CO2 flux. We conducted laboratory and field studies to determine the accuracy and comparability of methods commonly used to measure in situ soil CO2 fluxes. Methods compared included two static techniques, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and soda lime as CO2 traps; a multichamber open dynamic system (OC) wit...

Larrea tridentata, or creosote bush, is a common desert plant that inhabits the Chihuahuan Desert. Due to its great abundance and high growth tolerance of heavy metal-contaminated soils, it was chosen as the primary candidate for this study. Previous experiments conducted on inactivated and untreated sodium hydroxide (NaOH) Larrea tridentata leaf tissues showed that it effectively bound metal i...

The normality dependence and the kinetics of flow behavior in the rice starch dispersion under strong alkali conditions were studied. Non-Newtonian flow (power-law) quantities n and μ (σ = μ(̇); σ: shear stress, ̇: shear rate) of the samples stored (gelatinized) at 20◦C for 10min after the addition of NaOH solution with the normality 0.090 0.175N, were measured by a cone-plate type rotational v...

A series of experiments were carried out with three native strains of microalgae to measure growth rates, biomass, and lipid productivities. Scenedesmus sp. IMMTCC-6 had better biomass growth rate and higher lipid production. The growth, lipid accumulation, and carbon dioxide (CO2) consumption rate of Scenedesmus sp. IMMTCC-6 were tested under different NaOH concentrations in modified BBM. The ...

Fresh-harvested, air-dried rice straw was pretreated at a water content of 5 g H(2)O/g straw using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and compared to pretreatment at 10 g H(2)O/g straw by hydrated lime (Ca(OH)(2)). Full factorial experiments including parallel wash-only treatments were completed with both sources of alkali. The experiments were designed to measure the effects of alkaline loading and pretr...

Efforts have been made recently to implement nanoscale surface features on magnesium, a biodegradable metal, to increase bone formation. Compared with normal magnesium, nanostructured magnesium has unique characteristics, including increased grain boundary properties, surface to volume ratio, surface roughness, and surface energy, which may influence the initial adsorption of proteins known to ...

Gel oxidation is a thermochemical method for the production of an oxide film on a metallic substrate, where the metallic substrate is subjected to gelation by immersion in NaOH solution, followed by oxidation.These films are prepared for biomedical implant coating. Continuous and discontinuous gelled and TiO2 films of submicron thickness were produced on high-purity Ti foil substrates (50μm thi...

The biogas yield of rice straw during anaerobic digestion can be substantially increased through solid-state sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pretreatment. This study was conducted to explore the mechanisms of biogas yield enhancement. The chemical compositions of the pretreated rice straw were first analyzed. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR)...