Abstract Despite empirical successes of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) in natural language processing (NLP), theoretical understanding RNNs is still limited due to intrinsically complex non-linear computations. We systematically analyze RNNs’ behaviors a ubiquitous NLP task, the sentiment analysis movie reviews, via mapping between class called arithmetic circuits (RACs) and matrix product st...

Cascade reactions are among the most powerful means to achieve construction of multiple ring systems in a single step. This tutorial review describes recent advances use polycyclization cascades natural product synthesis.

The efficient, stereocontrolled construction of polycyclic ring systems has long presented a formidable challenge to synthetic chemists. Cascade reactions offer a 'quick fix'--building multiple rings in a single step--and often dramatically shorten a synthetic route. In this Emerging Area article, a selection of the most recent and impressive examples of applications of this tactic to natural p...

Streptomyces regensis strain WC-3744 was identified as a potential phosphonic acid producer in a large-scale screen of microorganisms for the presence of the pepM gene, which encodes the key phosphonate biosynthetic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate phosphonomutase. (31)P NMR revealed the presence of several unidentified phosphonates in spent medium after growth of S. regensis. These compounds were pu...

As a part of this Symposium, with its specialist lectures and scientific communications in which the latest results in natural product research are being reported, it is my task-and a rather difficult one-to attempt a broad review of the field, to consider its development and its present status, and to attempt an estimate of its future. Natural product chemistry is essentially a part of organic...