Eight super-pressure balloons floating at constant level between 50 and 80 hPa and three Infra-Red Montgolfier balloons of variable altitude (15 hPa daytime, 40– 80 hPa night time) have been launched at 22 S from Brazil in February–May 2004 in the frame of the HIBISCUS project. The flights lasted for 7 to 79 days residing mainly in the tropics, but some of them passed the tropical barrier and w...

Establishing metadata requirements is a key challenge for any attempt to implement a digital preservation repository. The repository’s capacity to provide costeffective, trustworthy services largely derives from the metadata it uses. This paper describes the metadata posited to support services the Chronopolis preservation system will offer at the conclusion of its first year of development. Ch...

The upper ocean heat budget (0–300 m) of the North Atlantic from 20–60 N is investigated using data from Argo profiling floats for 1999–2005 and the NCEP/NCAR and NOC surface flux datasets. Estimates of the different terms in the budget (heat storage, advection, diffusion and surface exchange) are obtained using the methodology developed by Hadfield et al. (2007a, b). The method includes optima...

. The absorbances of five concentrations of potassium dichromate in 0.001 ]l.f perchloric aCid have been determined at eight wavelengths in the ultraviolet on the National Bureau of Standards Institute for Materials Research high-accuracy spectrophotometer. Four of the wavelengths-235, 257, 313, and 3.50 nm-correspond to absorbance maxima or minima in the HCrO,spectrum and are useful wavelength...

The study presented here attempts to quantify the significance of southerly water vapor fluxes on precipitation occurring in the eastern Fertile Crescent region. The water vapor fluxes were investigated at high temporal and spatial resolution by using a Regional Climate Model [fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5)–Noah land surface model] to downscale the NCE...

We show that the frequency of summertime midlatitude cyclones tracking across eastern North America at 40–50 N (the southern climatological storm track) is a strong predictor of stagnation and ozone pollution days in the eastern US. The NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis, going back to 1948, shows a significant long-term decline in the number of summertime mid-latitude cyclones in that track starting in 1980...

The atmospheric state simulated by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate Model, version 3 (CCM3), is compared to that simulated by the NCAR Climate System Model, version 1 (CSM1). CCM3 is an atmospheric general circulation model that uses specified sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for a lower boundary condition. Observed monthly mean SSTs for 1979–93 were used in ...