BACKGROUND Nasal douching is common practice in treatment of chronic sinusitis and after endoscopic sinus surgery. Current nasal delivery techniques show inconsistent sinus penetration. The aim of this study was to compare sinonasal penetration of nasal douching to an optimized nasal nebulizer in an operated cadaver model. METHODS Fourteen preserved cadavers were used receiving complete sphen...

The BREELIB nebulizer was developed for iloprost to reduce inhalation times for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This multicenter, randomized, unblinded, four-part study compared inhalation time, pharmacokinetics, and acute tolerability of iloprost 5 µg at mouthpiece delivered via BREELIB versus the standard I-Neb nebulizer in 27 patients with PAH. The primary safety outcome...

Yokkaichi asthma was one of the most common environmental pollution diseases in Japan in the 1960s and 1970s. The problem of air pollution in Yokkaichi was solved in the 1970s. However, mortality and life expectancy were still affected by the late effects of air pollution in patients with Yokkaichi asthma even in the 2000s. In this case report, we described the experience of successful treatmen...

BACKGROUND An efficacious, reliable, and non-invasive route of administration for midazolam, a drug used for sedation and pre-anaesthetic medication, would have obvious advantages. This study compares two potential methods of administering midazolam by the nasal and nebulized routes. METHODS Midazolam (0.2 mg kg(-1)) was given by both nebulizer and nasally by liquid instillation to 10 healthy...

The breath-actuated nebulizer (BAN, AeroEclipse, Trudell Medical International, London, Ontario, Canada) has been available as an aerosol delivery option for several years. This small-volume jet nebulizer is primarily designed to generate aerosol during inspiration in response to the patient’s inspiratory flow triggering the opening valve.1,2 Some studies report that BAN provides smaller partic...

The influence of instrumental parameters affecting the ionization in continuous full filling capillary electrochromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CFF-CEC/ESI-MS) was investigated. The investigated parameters were the BGE and sheath liquid ion strength and organic modifier content, the nebulizer gas pressure, and the concentration of nanoparticles in the BGE. It was found t...

Pulmonary drug delivery is primarily use to treat conditions of the airways, delivering locally acting drugs directly to their site of action. These routes of drug delivery may give the advantages like small amount of drug, less adverse reaction and rapid onset of action. The human respiratory system is complicated organ system these system consist of two reagions conducting airways and respira...

A direct-injection high-efficiency nebulizer (DIHEN) is used to couple a thin-layer electrochemical flow cell on-line with an ICP-mass spectrometer to perform anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) at a thin mercury film followed by subsequent ICPMS measurements for the stripped metal analytes. The resultant hyphenated technique (ASV-DIHEN-ICPMS) is capable of analyzing select heavy metals present ...

Animal models of murine respiratory mycoplasmosis due to Mycoplasma pulmonis provide excellent opportunities to study respiratory disease due to an infectious agent. The purpose of the present study was to develop and characterize an aerosol model for the production of murine respiratory mycoplasmosis in mice. The exposure of mice for 30 min to aerosols generated with a DeVilbiss 45 nebulizer i...