Neighborhoods in the United States are highly segregated by race. Black–white segregation is particularly acute. Although racial has been declining recent years, it remains extremely high—especially largest metropolitan areas. The historical pattern that as African Americans move into a neighborhood, whites out and thus neighborhood (gradually or rapidly) transitions from predominantly white to...

This paper adds evidence structure to standard models of belief, in the form of families of sets of worlds. We show how these more fine-grained models support natural actions of “evidence management”, ranging from update with external new information to internal rearrangement. We show how this perspective leads to new richer languages for existing neighborhood semantics for modal logic. Our mai...

In this paper we propose a general variable neighborhood search approach for the balanced location problem. Next to large shaking neighborhoods, the embedded variable neighborhood descent utilizes three neighborhood structures that focus on different solution aspects. By a computational study, we show that this VNS outperforms existing methods with respect to average solution quality and stabil...

This note proposes various axiomatizations of contingency logic under neighborhood semantics. In particular, by defining a suitable canonical neighborhood function, we give sound and complete axiomatizations of monotone contingency logic and regular contingency logic, thereby answering two open questions raised by Bakhtiari, van Ditmarsch, and Hansen. The canonical function is inspired by a fun...

BACKGROUND Components of the built environment are associated with active living behaviors, but research in this area has employed surveys and other quantitative methods almost exclusively. Qualitative approaches can provide additional detail about how neighborhoods influence physical activity, including informing the extent to which such relationships are causal in nature. The purpose of this ...

BACKGROUND Emerging empirical evidence suggests exposure to "green" environments may encourage higher levels of physical activity among children. Few studies, however, have explored this association exclusively in pre-school aged children in the United States. We examined whether residing in neighborhoods with higher levels of greenness was associated with higher levels of outdoor physical acti...

is article presents initial findings from a study that examined how African American mothers from a low-income neighborhood conceptualized their roles in their children’s mathematics learning. Based on interviews and observations focusing on ten mothers’ involvement in their children’s education, we offer a framework that expands typical characterizations of parent involvement. is framework p...

Running a recursive algorithm on this expression still gives an exponential worst-case running time. Additionally, there is no hope to only explore a local neighborhood of a single vertex u with this recurrence to run an approximate calculation, because the quantity q̆S in some sense indeed depends on all of S. As in the proof of Shearer’s Lemma, however, we can rearrange the recurrence to obtai...

We study the fuzzy soft proximity spaces in Katsaras's sense. First, we show how a fuzzy soft topology is derived from a fuzzy soft proximity. Also, we define the notion of fuzzy soft δ-neighborhood in the fuzzy soft proximity space which offers an alternative approach to the study of fuzzy soft proximity spaces. Later, we obtain the initial fuzzy soft proximity determined by a family of fuzzy ...