A luminal microperfusion technique was used to examine the K+ permeability of surface proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) in the kidney of anesthetized rats. Transtubular potassium concentration ([K+]) gradients were varied by altering the concentration of KCl in luminal perfusates, to which 32 mmol/l of the impermeant solute raffinose was also added to prevent net fluid reabsorption. The arithme...

Introduction: Irregular/blocked fields are routinely used in radiotherapy. The doses of these fields are usually calculated by means of equivalent square method that is inherently prone to uncertainty. On the other hand, Clarkson’s sector integration method is a dose calculation method which offers far better accuracy in dose calculation of irregular fields. The Scatter Air Ratio (SAR) of an in...

– gafchromic xrct radiochromic film is a self developing high sensitivity radiochromic filmproduct which can be used for assessment of delivered radiation doses which could match applications suchas computed tomography (ct) dosimetry. the dose response of gafchromic xrct radiochromic film hasbeen measured with reflectance spectrophotometry and desktop scanners. the film automatically changescol...

A transport calculation of the neutrons leaked to the environment by the JCO criticality accident was carried out based on three-dimensional geometrical models of the buildings within the JCO territory. Our work started from an initial step to simulate the leakage process of neutrons from the precipitation tank, and proceeded to a step to calculate the neutron propagation throughout the JCO fac...

INTRODUCTION It has been shown that walking kinematics remain near to normal after mobile bearing total ankle replacement (TAR). However, no information is available on mechanical joint loading. The purpose of this study was to determine whether mechanical load and 'quasi-stiffness' of the ankle joint after TAR differs from the normal load and stiffness of a healthy ankle joint during walking. ...

aim of this research was evaluated and compared of density (number tree per hectare), basal area and volume characteristics for estimation of tree species diversity in degraded forests. in order to, 73 hectares of kouhmian forests was inventory based on random systematic pattern with circular plots (10r and 26 plots). in each plot species, dbh and number of tree were measured and recorded. to e...