The relationship of bronchitic symptoms to ambient particulate matter and to particulate elemental and organic carbon (OC), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and other gaseous pollutants was examined in a cohort of children with asthma in 12 Southern California communities. Symptoms, assessed yearly by questionnaire from 1996 to 1999, were associated with the yearly variability of particulate matter with...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that diabetes mellitus (DM) is an outcome of exposure to air pollution, and metabolic detoxification genes affect air pollution-related outcomes. OBJECTIVES We evaluated associations between air pollutants and markers of insulin resistance (IR), an underlying mechanism of type 2 DM, and effect modification by GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genotypes among e...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine the association between ambient air pollution and hospitalization for respiratory infections among children who were younger than 15 years in Toronto during a 4-year period (1998-2001). METHODS Exposures averaged during periods that varied from 1 to 7 days were used to assess the effects of air pollutants, including thoracic particulate matt...

Household gas appliances produce nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which may be associated with an increase in symptoms in asthmatics. The relationship between indoor NO2 exposure, and respiratory symptoms in people with asthma was evaluated. Self-reported asthmatics (n=125) wore lapel badges that measured NO2 daily over 6 weeks at home. Outdoor pollutants, spores and meteorological parameters were measu...

The production of nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) from macrophage-derived NO was studied using EPR and spin trapping. The formation of NO3- was determined via EPR in reactions involving the iron-binding protein, lactoferrin. The formation of NO2- was determined via EPR/spin trapping in the reaction between NO2- and H2O2. Dissolved nitric oxide (NO.) was reacted with lactoferrin yielding an EP...

Epidemiologic studies in worldwide have measured increases in mortality and morbidity associated with air pollution (1-3). Quantifying the effects of air pollution on the human health in urban area causes an increasingly critical component in policy discussion (4-6). Air Q model was proved to be a valid and reliable tool to predicts health effects related to criteria  pollutants (particula...

Human exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), an air pollutant of increasing interest in biology, results in several toxic effects to human health and also to the air microbiota. The aim of this study was to investigate the bacterial response to gaseous NO2. Two Pseudomonas fluorescens strains, namely the airborne strain MFAF76a and the clinical strain MFN1032 were exposed to 0.1, 5, or 45 ppm conc...

Nitric oxide (NO) synthesis is markedly augmented in states of inflammation, largely due to the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Although NO has anti-inflammatory consequences under basal conditions, it remains enigmatic as to why NO displays proinflammatory characteristics in chronic inflammation. Either the anti-inflammatory actions are weak and of little consequence or, ...

BACKGROUND A large number of studies about effects of air pollutants on cardiovascular mortality have been conducted; however, those investigating association between air pollutants and cardiovascular morbidity are limited, especially in developing countries. METHODS A time-series analysis on the short-term association between outdoor air pollutants including particulate matter (PM) with diam...

BACKGROUND Outdoor air pollution has been considered as one of the most serious health concerns over the last decade. This study aimed to investigate the association between ambient air pollution and cardiovascular hospital admissions. METHODS This investigation was carried out from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2015, in the urban population of Arak, Iran. Daily records of concentrations of...