We thank the participants of the study for completing the questionnaire and Mrs Sybil Farrell for preparing the manuscript. The Institute of Cancer Research receives support from the Cancer Research Campaign and the Medical Research Council. Dr M C Pike is now at the University of Southern California School of Medicine and is partially supported by grant CA 14089 from the National Institutes of...

The subject of gangrenous stomatitis does not appealto have received the attention it deserves from the general medical profession. Diverse ideas about its incidence and etiology are still current in different parts of the world. The descriptions given in the various recognized testbooks of medicine, written both in the old and new world, are of little help to a medical man practising in the tr...

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is increasingly becoming very attractive in cloud radio networks (CRANs) to further boost the overall spectral efficiency, connectivity and, capacity of such networks. This paper addresses optimizing energy efficiency (EE) for downlink a NOMA-based two tiers CRAN. The stochastic geometry represented by Poisson Point Process (PPP) distribution used decide nu...

In this letter, a hybrid non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme for satellite–terrestrial systems is proposed, which capable of integrating both power domain NOMA (PD-NOMA) and code (CD-NOMA) design modes. The stochastic geometry method considered to model the position terrestrial user. Specifically, closed-form expressions exact outage probability with imperfect interference cancellation...

In orthogonal multiple access (OMA) communication systems, resources are allocated to numerous users based on time, frequency, or code domains. The low bandwidth of the underwater acoustic network limits number nodes that can be supported by OMA system, due limited resources. innovative concept nonorthogonal (NOMA) provides a solution offers more and increases spectral efficiency. As promising ...

Abstract This paper investigates physical layer security analysis of cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communication system. A virtual full-duplex (VFD) relaying scheme with an untrusted amplify-and-forward (AF) half-duplex (HD) relay and a trusted decode-and-forward (DF) HD is used in this system to improve the spectral efficiency. In order prevent from eavesdropping, simple pr...

This paper focuses on downlink power allocation for a cognitive radio-based non-orthogonal multiple access (CR-NOMA) system in femtocell environment involving device-to-device (D2D) communication. The proposed scheme employs the greedy asynchronous distributed interference avoidance (GADIA) algorithm. research aims to optimize transmission, considering unique characteristics of CR-NOMA-based D2...

The millimeter-wave (mmWave) large-scale antenna arrays (LSAAs) systems play a vital role in increasing the beamforming (BF) gain and acquiring highly directional propagation. Recently, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been integrated into these to manage massive connectivity achieve spectral-efficient communications. This paper focuses on angle-domain (AD) hybrid for mmWave LSAAs NOMA...

6G wireless networks will require the flexibility to accommodate an extremely diverse set of service types. Accommodating different quality (QoS) requirements for these types necessitates use mixed numerologies, where services using subcarrier spacings or symbol durations coexist in same frequency band. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques can potentially be used users with numerolo...