This paper investigates the value of eye tracking in evaluating the usability of a Learning Management System, at an open distance learning university where the users’ computer and Web skills vary significantly. Eye tracking utilize the users’ eye movements, while doing a task, to provide information about the nature, sequence and timing of the cognitive operations that took place. This informa...

The state of advice given to people today on how to stay safe online has plenty of room for improvement. Too many things are asked of them, which may be unrealistic, time consuming, or not really worth the effort. To improve the security advice, our community must find out what practices people use and what recommendations, if messaged well, are likely to bring the highest benefit while being r...

Studies of one-on-one tutoring have found that expert tutoring is more effective than non-expert tutoring, but the reasons for its effectiveness are relatively unexplored. Since tutoring involves deep natural language interactions between tutor and student, we explore the differences between an expert and non-expert tutors through the analysis of individual dialogue moves, tutorial interaction ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Endoscopic band ligation (EBL) has been used to achieve hemostasis in patients with colonic diverticular bleeding. The safety and effectiveness of EBL when performed by non-expert endoscopists have not been sufficiently verified. This study aimed to elucidate the feasibility of the EBL technique when performed by non-expert endoscopists and of considering EBL as a standard t...

Creating high-quality wide-coverage multilingual semantic lexicons to support knowledge-based approaches is a challenging time-consuming manual task. This has traditionally been performed by linguistic experts: a slow and expensive process. We present an experiment in which we adapt and evaluate crowdsourcing methods employing native speakers to generate a list of coarse-grained senses under a ...

We investigated the nosographic and diagnostic probabilities and likelihood ratios of dermatoscopy in order to evaluate the method's role in decision-making regarding melanoma. Clinical slides and dermatoscopic photos were obtained from 232 patients referred for dermatoscopy. Four dermatoscopy "experts" and 5 "non-experts" assessed the slides. Diagnoses were compared with histopathology. Sensit...

The aim of this study was to examine the information acquisition strategies of expert and competent non-expert intensive care physicians during two simulated diagnostic scenarios involving respiratory distress in an infant. Specifically, the information acquisition performance of six experts and 12 competent non-experts was examined using an eye-tracker during the initial 90 s of the assessment...

1 2 There is a critical need in computer security to communicate risks and thereby enable informed decisions by naive users. Yet computer security has not been engaged with the scholarship of risk communication. While the existence of malicious actors may appear at first to distinguish computer risk from environmental or medical risk, the impersonal un-targeted nature of the exploitation of com...

Recent experiments show that seeing lip movements may improve the detection of speech sounds embedded in noise. We show here that the “speech detection” benefit may result in a “speech identification” benefit different from lipreading per se. The experimental trick consists in dubbing the same lip gesture on a number of visually similar but auditorily different configurations, e.g. [y u ty tu k...

The corpus is an invaluable resource in Spoken and Natural Language Processing. Consistent data sets have allowed for empirical evaluation of competing algorithms. The sharing of high-quality annotated linguistic data has enabled participation and experimentation by a wide range of researchers. However, despite dubbing these annotations as " gold-standard " , many corpora contain labeling error...