In many developed countries, a cervical cytology screening programme has been implemented in order to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. Although cytology screening has proven to be effective, its performance is not optimal. Several studies have shown that the cytology test reveals a high rate of false negative rates. Since infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of...

BACKGROUND: The accuracy of cervical cytology has been quwstioned due to high false negative rate. In order to improve the sensitivity of cytology it is prudent to analyze the factors which hamper with the diagnosis of high grade lesions. AIMS: To study the cyto-histologic agreement in High grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) of uterine cervix and to analyze the smear characteristics ...

background: spontaneous infarction is an uncommon complication of fibroadenoma of the breast. although infarction following fine needle aspiration (fna) has been reported in the literature, infarction encountering on first time aspiration is very rare. lack of knowledge of this entity may lead to an erroneous diagnosis of inflammatory lesion like mastitis and carcinoma on cytology smears. case...

A user-friendly self-sampling method for collecting representative cervical cell material would lower the threshold for women to respond to the invitation for cervical screening. In the present article, we introduce such a device; we have evaluated its sensitivity and specificity to detect high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), via high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) detection ...

Gynecological malignancies account for 9% of all female cancers worldwide. In the Arab countries Breast cancer is the leading cancer in women followed by cervical cancer. Ovarian cancer ranks as fourth leading cancer in women. There are huge differences in the available resources among Arab countries. However the challenges facing the provision of gynecological cancers services shared similarit...

The SSX genes are members of the cancer-testis (CT) antigen family. SSX2, the prototype SSX gene, was found by serological analysis of antigens by recombinant expression cloning (SEREX). Since little is known about SSX expression in gynecological malignancies, we investigated SSX mRNA expression in 115 gynecological cancer specimens and 25 normal control samples by RT-PCR. We also tested the hu...

Cancer cervix accounts for 80% of female genital cancer and is the most common cancer. India 27% incidence all over world. The mortality due to 14.7%. To assess reliability downstaging in early detection precancerous lesion. correlate findings 110 women with unhealthy by cytology, colposcopy directed biopsies. work was carried out continuously one year 2 months. were evaluated. When Cytology co...