Taking the early U.S. automobile industry as an example, we evaluate two competing hypotheses on geographic concentration of industry: local externalities versus employee spinoffs. Our findings suggest that both forces contribute to industry agglomeration through their specific channels, and the spinoff effect can be viewed as a special form of local externalities. Calibrating our model to the ...

The economic activities related to food and agriculture are not usually considered as the conventional path to development. These are generally categorized as ‘low-tech’ activities and often considered as a transitional phase towards ‘high-tech’ manufacturing industries. This paper holds that such conventional thinking may no longer be true in certain contexts. It uses the Prebisch-Singer thesi...

tourism industry has been the fastest and the most income-generating industry in the first decade of the third millennium. it has been for many countries including some of oic member countries a source of foreign exchange and contributed into their development. in this paper, we try to test empirically whether tourism expansion has had any significant effect on economic growth of oic member cou...

the convergence hypothesis maintains that an economy whose productivity lags behind other economies has a potential to grow faster. in other words, this economy can experience faster economic growth through absorbing, accepting, and using available technology experience. in this study, we have examined the relationship between tfp of industry sectors and regional convergence in iran's prov...

Being international’ has nearly become an undisputed aim for fi rms in a globalized world. Several papers fi nd a positive relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and the home performance of fi rms. In this paper we address the “FDI – export” relationship to better understand this pattern. Furthermore, by presenting fi rst results on fi rm’s post-divestiture employment growth at ho...

one of the most important dimention of the industrial structure is the concentration. in order to determine concentration in iranian industries from 2000 to 2005, the 5-firm concentration ratio is used in terms of sale value, production, value added and employment variables. the results indicate high correlation among concentration ratios in terms of sale, employment, value added and production...

Being international’ has nearly become an undisputed aim for fi rms in a globalized world. Several papers fi nd a positive relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and the home performance of fi rms. In this paper we address the “FDI – export” relationship to better understand this pattern. Furthermore, by presenting fi rst results on fi rm’s post-divestiture employment growth at ho...

JEL Classification Code(s): J 31, J 71) "Perceptions of Discrimination, Effort to Obtain Psychological Balance, and Relative Wages: Can We Infer a Happiness Gradient?" There is a substantial literature that finds a linkage between happiness and relative economic well being as measured by earnings or wages. There is also a well documented racial gap in wages. One explanation for this is disparat...

Based on two sub-samples of SMEs: i) 135 high-tech SMEs; and ii) 330 non high-tech SMEs, using panel data models and the two-step estimation method, this study investigates if the capital structure decisions of high-tech SME and non high-tech SMEs are closer to what is predicted by Pecking Order Theory, or if they are closer to what is predicted by Trade-Off Theory. The results suggest that the...