ABSTRACT In this paper, we propose a novel method for beam hardening correction in polychromatic transmission tomography. A family of polynomials is firstly determined in a training phase, which forms a complete set in the sense of X-ray physics of medical diagnostic imaging. In particular, every polynomial in the set is indexed by a beam hardening factor, i.e. effective atomic number, which is...

Abstract—Drying is a phenomenon that accompanies the hardening of hydraulic materials. This study is concerned the modelling of drying shrinkage of the hydraulic materials and the prediction of the rate of spontaneous deformations of hydraulic materials during hardening. The model developed takes consideration of the main factors affecting drying shrinkage. There was agreement between drying sh...

Abstract—Drying is a phenomenon that accompanies the hardening of hydraulic materials. This study is concerned the modelling of drying shrinkage of the hydraulic materials and the prediction of the rate of spontaneous deformations of hydraulic materials during hardening. The model developed takes consideration of the main factors affecting drying shrinkage. There was agreement between drying sh...

Abstract The European reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel Eurofer97 in irradiated states displays significant nonlinear material behavior involving irradiation hardening, loss of strain and uniform elongation, as well irradiation-induced embrittlement. Nonlinear modeled on the continuum scale will help to estimate maximum operating range components beyond onset localized plastic flow....

The paper is devoted to the numerical solution of an elastoplastic constitutive initial value problem containing the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion, a nonassociative plastic flow rule, and a nonlinear isotropic hardening. The constitutive problem is discretized by the implicit Euler method. Instead of the conventional Koiter formulations, we define the plastic flow rule using the subdifferential ...

In this paper, we use Hermite cubic finite elements to approximate the solutions of a nonlinear Euler– Bernoulli beam equation. The equation is derived from Hollomon’s generalized Hooke’s law for work hardening materials with the assumptions of the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. The Ritz–Galerkin finite element procedure is used to form a finite dimensional nonlinear program problem, and a nonlin...

comparison of linear and nonlinear (bilinear) time series models in reference crop evapotranspiration prediction in urmia synoptic stationreference crop evapotranspiration (eto) prediction is one of the important elements in optimizing agricultural water consumption. in this regard, one of the prediction approaches is to use the stochastic time series methods. in this research, ar (p) and arma(...

The effect of geometric imperfections and viscous damping on the type of nonlinearity i.e., the hardening or softening behaviour of circular plates and shallow spherical shells with free edge is here investigated. The Von Kármán large-deflection theory is used to derive the continuous models. Then, nonlinear normal modes NNMs are used for predicting with accuracy the coefficient, the sign of wh...

The "hardening hypothesis" suggests that as smoking prevalence decreases, lighter smokers will quit first, leaving more "hardcore" smokers in the population. At a population level, however, the weight of evidence suggests that no hardening is occurring. By understanding the lessons from Geoffrey Rose's model of population-level risk factor change, we argue that the hardening of the smoking popu...

The study reports the mechanical property and microstructure of cold rolled low carbon steel and its work-hardening behavior in the deformation process. The tensile test in room temperature of low carbon steel was implemented for the different cold rolling deformation, the stress-strain curve was draught according to the relationship between strength and deformation and fitted for the polynomia...