The separation of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons is challenging, due to overlapping boiling points and formation of several azeotropes. Conventional solvents for those separations are polar substances, e.g. sulfolane. Recently it could be shown that ionic liquids can perform considerably better than common extraction solvents. Hence, ionic liquids can be a promising alternative [1]. Ionic ...

Currently, hydrogen is mainly produced through steam reforming of natural gas. However, this conventional process involves environmental and energy security concerns. This has led to the development of alternative technologies for (potentially) green hydrogen production. In this work, the environmental and energy performance of biohydrogen produced in Europe via steam reforming of glycerol and ...

This paper presents the performance analysis of a planar solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) under direct internal reforming conditions. A detailed olid-oxide fuel cell model is used to study the influences of various operating parameters on cell performance. Significant differences in efficiency nd power density are observed for isothermal and adiabatic operational regimes. The influence of air numbe...

The aim of this work was the evaluation of the catalytic steam reforming of a gaseous fuel obtained by steam biomass gasification to convert topping atmosphere residue (TAR) and CH4 and to produce pure H2 by means of a CO2 sorbent. This experimental work deals with the demonstration of the practical feasibility of such concepts, using a real woodgas obtained from fluidized bed steam gasificatio...

Biodiesel’s contribution as a renewable energy carrier is increasing continuously. Fuel cell market penetration, although slow, is now an irreversible reality. The combination of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) with biodiesel offers considerable advantages because it entails both high energy conversion efficiency and nearzero atmospheric carbon emissions. This work is aimed at proving the efficie...

For the new process of effective utilization of energy, chemical recuperation of low-grade exhaust heat by steam reforming of dimethyl ether (DME) was proposed. Steam reforming of DME is an endothermic reaction as; DME + 3H2O + 122[kJ/mol] → 6H2 + 2CO2. If this reaction could be proceed by exhaust heat below 573 [K], those exhaust heat which is wasted to ambient would be recuperated as the fuel...

This paper documents the application of exhaust gas fuel reforming of two alternative fuels, biodiesel and bioethanol, in internal combustion engines. The exhaust gas fuel reforming process is a method of on-board production of hydrogen-rich gas by catalytic reaction of fuel and engine exhaust gas. The benefits of exhaust gas fuel reforming have been demonstrated by adding simulated reformed ga...

Owing to their high efficiency and energy density, miniaturized fuel cells are an attractive alternative to batteries in the mW-W power generation market for portable consumer and military electronic devices [cf. 1-3]. Hydrogen is being actively considered as a fuel for power generation. It can be supplied either by storage devices or its in-situ generation using reformers. However, safety and ...

An interesting application of agricultural renewable sources is the employment of ethanol for supplying Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFCs). For that purpose, ethanol has to be converted into hydrogen by a steam reforming process. MCFCs are particularly suitable for this kind of applications due to their high tolerability to the impurities which are contained into the reaction products and also...