The present study was set up to investigate the effects of Trichostatin A (TSA), a prototypical epigenetic modifier, on the expression and activity of hepatic drug uptake transporters in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. To this end, the expression of the sinusoidal transporters sodium-dependent taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (Ntcp) and organic anion transporting polypeptide 4 (Oatp4) ...

Introduction: The ultimate goal of radiation treatment planning is to yield a high tumor control probability (TCP) with a low normal tissue complication probability (NTCP). Historically  dose volume histogram (DVH) with only volumetric dose distribution was utilized as a popular tool for plan evaluation  hence present study aimed to compare the radiobiological effectiveness of the cobalt-60 (Co...

Introduction: Due to the effect of radiation on both the tumor and the surrounding normal tissues, the side effects of radiation in normal tissues are expected. One of the important complications in the head and neck radiotherapy is the doses reached to the larynx and spinal cord of patients with non-laryngeal head and neck tumors.   Materials and Methods: ...

Normal liver complications have not been observed in Y-90 microsphere therapy of hepatic tumors [selective internal radiation (SIR)], despite clinical studies reporting estimated absorbed doses to normal liver between 100 and 150 Gy. The purpose of the study was to see whether predictions of normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models for liver based on clinical data from external beam...

Rat small hepatocytes have been shown to proliferate in culture and to form organoids with differentiated hepatocytes in vitro. To evaluate the degree of polarized transporter differentiation of rat small hepatocytes during 9 weeks of culturing, we studied the time-dependent expression and subcellular localization of the major bile salt and organic anion transport systems of hepatocytes [i.e. t...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health problem. Currently-available therapies are ineffective in curing chronic HBV infection. HBV and its satellite hepatitis D virus (HDV) infect hepatocytes via binding of the preS1 domain of its large envelope protein to sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP). Here, we developed novel human monoclonal antibodies that block t...

Introduction: Radiation therapy is the main treatment method for head and neck cancers, which comprise 3–5% of all cancers. A major side effect of this treatment is complication of the parotid glands, i.e. xerostomia, which occurs at relatively low doses. This complication leads to mouth dryness which is the most common problem for head and neck cancer survivors. There are dif...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dosimetric and radiobiological impact of intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) and RapidArc planning for high-risk prostate cancer with seminal vesicles. METHODS Ten high-risk prostate cancer cases were included in this retrospective study. For each case, IMPT plans were generated using multiple field optimisation (MFO) technique ...

Background . Radiation therapy for high-risk prostate cancer presents a challenge radiotherapists. The improvement of treatment outcomes is associated with radiation dose escalation and prophylactic irradiation lymph nodes, therefore, the development new schemes needed. Simultaneous integrated boost technique based on volumetric modulated arc most efficient option. Material Methods anatomical d...

BACKGROUND To estimate the radiobiological parameters of three popular normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models, which describe the dose-response relations of bladder regarding different acute urinary symptoms during post-prostatectomy radiotherapy (RT). To evaluate the goodness-of-fit and the correlation of those models with those symptoms. METHODS Ninety-three consecutive patien...