Glutaminolysis plays a critical role in nutrient sufficiency and cell signaling activation in mammalian cells. Unexpectedly, our recent investigations revealed that the unbalanced activation of glutaminolysis during nutritional restriction causes a particular form of apoptotic cell death, that we termed "glutamoptosis." We found that the inhibition of autophagy is a key step to allow glutamopto...

Both Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and hyperactivation of the nutrient-sensing mTOR/S6 kinase cascade have been linked to aging and age-related diseases as well as to the anti-aging effect of calorie restriction. Recent findings that the pro-aging and pro-oxidant molecule p66shc contributes to S6K activation by nutrients and promotes insulin resistance and diabetes in mice may provide an answer...

Sirtuin-1 (SirT1) is a nutrient-sensing deacetylase whose levels and activity increase with caloric restriction to preserve euglycemia and promote efficient energy utilization. Focusing on data obtained in vivo, we review how SirT1 orchestrates the adaptive response to fasting by stimulating hepatic gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation, increasing circulating adiponectin levels and limiting...