New nondiagonal G2 inhomogeneous cosmological solutions are presented in a wide range of scalar-tensor theories with a stiff perfect fluid as a matter source. The solutions have no big-bang singularity or any other curvature singularities. The dilaton field and the fluid energy density are everywhere regular, too. The geodesic completeness of the solutions is investigated. 04.50.+h, 04.20.Jb, 9...

We study the cosmology of the Randall-Sundrum brane-world where the Einstein-Hilbert action is modified by curvature correction terms: a four-dimensional scalar curvature from induced gravity on the brane, and a five-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet curvature term. The combined effect of these curvature corrections to the action removes the infinite-density big bang singularity, although the curvature ...

In most models, inflation is driven by the potential energy of a scalar field. This has similar effects as adding vacuum energy or, equivalently, a positive cosmological constant. For these models Wald [1] proved a cosmic no hair theorem, which implies that an initial shear is inflated away [2]. A couple of years ago, a new mechanism of inflation has been proposed, where inflation is due to the...

The initial cosmological singularity in the framework of the general theory of relativity is resolved by introducing the effect of the uncertainty principle of quantum theory without violating conventional laws of physics. A plausible account of the mechanism of the big bang, analogous to that of a nuclear explosion, is given and the currently accepted Planck temperature of ∼ 10 32 K at the beg...

This paper is part of a program whose aim is to establish a new paradigm for the universe in which there is no big bang. There are three pieces of primary evidence for the big bang: the distribution of light elements, the cosmic microwave background, and redshift. This paper concentrates on redshift. Alternative explanations for the other pieces of primary evidence are given in other papers in ...

We analyse numerically the onset of pre-big bang inflation in an inhomogeneous, spherically symmetric Universe. Adding a small dilatonic perturbation to a trivial (Milne) background, we find that suitable regions of space undergo dilaton-driven inflation and quickly become spatially flat (Ω → 1). Numerical calculations are pushed close enough to the big bang singularity to allow cross checks ag...

Standard big bang nucleosynthesis (SBBN) has been remarkably successful, and it may well be the correct and sufficient account of what happened. However, interest in variations from the standard picture come from two sources: First, big bang nucleosynthesis can be used to constrain physics of the early universe. Second, there may be some discrepancy between predictions of SBBN and observations ...

We calculate primordial abundances of light elements produced during big bang nucleosynthesis when the fine structure constant and/or the cosmic expansion rate take non-standard values. We compare them with the recent values of observed D, He and Li abundances, which show slight inconsistency among themselves in the standard big bang nucleosynthesis scenario. This inconsistency is not solved by...

In infinitely cyclic cosmology past eras are discussed using set theory and transfinite numbers. One consistent scenario, already in the literature, is where there is always a countably infinite number, א0, of universes and no big bang. I describe here an alternative where the present number of universes is א0 and in the infinite past there was only a finite number of universes. In this alterna...