Srinivasan and Zhang (1993) describe behavioral evidence for two distinct movement detecting systems in bee: (1) A direction selective pathway with low frequency response characteristics serving the optomotor response and (2) A non-direction selective movement system with higher frequency response serving functions of obstacle avoidance and the ‘tunnel centering’ response where the animal seeks...

We contribute a fast system for avoiding unknown obstacles on a mobile robot using a simple camera as the only sensor. The vision module detects objects, both known and unknown, around the robot. Unknown objects are detected by paying attention to occlusions of a floor of known colors. Range and angle to the objects is calculated and used to create a radial model of the robot’s vicinity. This m...

This paper presents a passivity-based controller design capable of achieving autonomous obstacle avoidance for robot manipulators subject to joint position and joint rate constraints. The control objectives are achieved by exploiting the passivity properties of the system and utilizing barrier function ideas to reshape the control Lyapunov function. The final control Lyapunov function is remini...

Autonomous ground vehicle navigation requires the integration of many technologies such as path planning, position and orientation sensing, vehicle control, and obstacle avoidance. The work presented here focuses on the control of a non-holonomic ground vehicle as it tracks a given path. A new path tracking technique called ‘vector pursuit’ is presented. This new technique is based on the theor...

Experiments with the Edinburgh R2 mobile robot are presented that show how robots can be taught to accomplish various diierent tasks, without the need for reprogramming the controller, and without using self-tuition. In an externally supervised teaching process | not unlike the process of \shaping" known in animal learning | the robot acquires compe-tences such as obstacle avoidance, contour fo...

In this paper, a trajectory generator for a visual servoing system is proposed to make the system accomplish obstacle avoidance tasks in unknown environments. Using an estimated epipolar constraint, the proposed scheme can generate trajectories for the visual servoing system on the 2D image planes by a simple obstacle avoidance method without reconstructing 3D geometry. The proposed scheme is b...

We propose a model for learning the articulated motion of human arm and hand grabbing. The goal is to generate plausible trajectories of joints that mimic the human movement using deformation information. The trajectories are then mapped to a constraint space. These constraints can be the space of start and end configuration of the human body and task-specific constraints such as avoiding an ob...

A substantial challenge in robotics is integration of complex software systems for realtime performance. This thesis integrates the robust and generic mapping framework Atlas, a feature-based local Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) module, and obstacle avoidance using information from mapped features. The resulting system performs autonomous feature-relative Real-time Obstacle Avoida...

An incremental approach is used to simulate the evolution of neural controllers for robust obstacle-avoidance in a Khepera robot and proves to be more eecient than a direct approach. During a rst evolutionary stage, obstacle-avoidance controllers in medium-light conditions are generated. During a second evolutionary stage, controllers avoiding strongly-lighted regions, where the previously acqu...

Obstacle avoidance is an important task in the field of robotics, since the goal of autonomous robot is to reach the destination without collision. Several algorithms have been proposed for obstacle avoidance, having drawbacks and benefits. In this survey paper, we mainly discussed different algorithms for robot navigation with obstacle avoidance. We also compared all provided algorithms and me...