Changes in flood loads and reservoir levels, produced by climate change (CC), represent an increasing concern for dam safety managers downstream populations, highlighting the need to define adaptation strategies based on failure risk management framework. Currently, thousands of dams worldwide, varying use, age, maintenance, may a threat cities case structural failure. Several studies relate se...

Diyala Governorate was exposed recently to high flood waves discharged from Hemrin Dam River when the dam reached its full capacity. The recorded discharge capacity of reduced just 750m3/s. This exposes cities and villages along risk discharging waves, which may reach 3000 m3/s. It is important manage, suggest, design escapes away River. escape branches Lake towards Ashweicha Marsh. One dimensi...

Abstract The spillways are one of the most important hydraulic structures used in river engineering, dam construction, irrigation, and drainage engineering projects. Recently, a new type such with circular crest has been proposed. In this paper, properties crested stepped spillway (CCSS) including flow pattern, distribution velocity on pressure, turbulence intensity, discharge coefficient ( $${...

hydraulics of stepped spillway is a very complicated phenomenon, as it consists of a two phase flow passing through a set of designed steps. the steps increase the rate of energy dissipation taking place on the spillway face. turbulence, flow aeration and energy dissipation are the main tasks in the design of such structures. this study consists of the experimental investigation to determine th...