Context. Modern models of the formation of ice giants attempt to account for the formation of Uranus and Neptune within the protoplanetary disk lifetime. These models assume a higher initial surface density well above that of the minimum mass solar nebula model and/or the formation of all giant planets in an inner compact configuration. Other effects include planetesimals migration due to gas d...

This paper argues that democracy can be seen as a way to channel “democratic reason,” or the collective intelligence of the many. The paper hypothesizes that two main democratic mechanisms—the practice of inclusive deliberation (in its direct and indirect versions) and the institution of majority rule with universal suffrage— combine their epistemic properties to maximize the chances that the g...

Plato was born in Athens in 427 BC to a well established aristocratic family. His father, Ariston, could trace his lineage back to the old kings of Athens; his mother, Perictione, was a sister of Charmides and the cousin of Critas, two prominent figures in the Athenian oligarchy of 404-403 BC. Plato also had two brothers, Glaucon and Adeimantus, who are portrayed in his masterpiece, The Republi...

"Bottom up" governance. "Self-organization." These are among the most talismanic virtue-words of modern political discourse. Yet the reality is that in politics, "self-organization" is rare, being hard to initiate and even harder to sustain. As Oscar Wilde once complained about socialism, it "requires too many evenings." Governance as we tend to know it depends primarily on hierarchical institu...

AND INTRODUCTION The history of early India saw drastic social, political, and economic changes through its many ages and eras. Every time period had its unique interweaving of opposing and coalescing forces that set the dynamics for the culture of the time. These dynamics had far-reaching consequences, one of which was a profound influence of the ideology, practice, and development of religiou...

El objetivo del artículo consiste en analizar y contrastar el populismo de los años 30 con progresismo 2000 América Latina, poniendo énfasis ámbito rural. Se trata indagar cuáles fueron las condiciones que permitieron potencial transformador aquellas generaron fenómeno reciente, castraron su capacidad cambio. argumento principal apunta a históricas surgieron ambos fenómenos. Mientras surgió cua...

The representation of women in public discourse—where they have historically been a minority—is important for fair, democratic societies. Although digital publishing has been heralded as a source of greater equality in women’s representation, it also creates opportunities for new forms of discrimination, e.g., from audiences on social media. In this working paper, we evaluate the hypothesis tha...

For tens of thousands years Paleolithic hunter-gatherer communities lived in democratic systems. These based their relations on power and freedom what Christopher Boehm has called "reverse dominance hierarchy" systems, which, for much human history guaranteed political equality among members communities. The reverse hierarchy is a principle that could be used today to rethink the foundations cu...

The literature on the recent exponential growth of extractive industry in Latin America and beyond has documented various processes through which this sector been empowered to expand its frontier, as well strategies that affected communities employ resist it. However, article we instead focus how some Maya-Mam residents San Miguel Ixtahuacán understood addressed divisive effects Marlin Mine, op...