We subjected cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 20 patients with multiple sclerosis and 20 patients with other neurological diseases to agarose gel ( Panagel ) electrophoresis followed by staining with silver. Ten microliters of unconcentrated CSF from multiple sclerosis patients containing 0.4 to 0.8 microgram of immunoglobulin G was found to be optimum for detection of oligoclonal IgG bands, so i...

Four patients with progressive demyelinating myelopathy with symptoms spanning six to 25 years are described. There was no clinical evidence of dissemination of lesions in the central nervous system. Radiological evidence of dissemination was present in two cases; in one this was absent at the time of presentation and was only demonstrated after six years of progressive unifocal disease. In one...

To cite: Goto Y, Warabi Y, Sunami Y, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2016215859 DESCRIPTION A 16-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital, with a 4-day history of hyperthermia, vomiting, confusion, nuchal rigidity and dysbasia. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination showed: white cell count, 673/μL (69% polymorphonuclear cells); protein, 305...

Background. The presence of CSF oligoclonal bands (OBs) is an independent prognostic factor for multiple sclerosis (MS), but the difficulties in the standardization of the test and the interlaboratory variation in reporting have contributed to its limited use in the diagnosis of the disease. Standard nephelometric assays to measure free light chains (FLC) levels have been recently developed and...

BACKGROUND Oligoclonal bands (OCBs) unique to the cerebrospinal fluid are used in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The precise prevalence of OCBs in MS and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is unknown. The influence of OCBs on clinical outcomes has not been quantified. OCB prevalence has been associated with latitude in a single study, if confirmed this would provide avenues for furth...

A 51-year-old woman presented with aphasia and bifrontal MRI lesions with punctuate and vague linear enhancement (figure). She improved spontaneously but 4 months later deteriorated due to the large mass and required cranial decompression. Innumerable, perivenular enhancements perpendicular to the lateral ventricles were seen within extensive bihemispheric white matter lesions. Multiple scleros...

We report the case of a 23-year-old male patient who suddenly developed right hemiparesis, cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, and bilateral dysmetria. Brain magnetic resonance (MR) examination demonstrated hyperacute ischaemic lesions within the pons. CSF analysis revealed a high protein content, lymphocytic pleocytosis, and oligoclonal IgG bands not present in the serum. Elevated IgM and IgG anti-...