The purpose of the research is to test efficacy different concentrations composite Kenocox against Eimeria spp. oocysts in turkeys a laboratory experiment and under production conditions. Materials methods . anti-Eimeria activity new disinfection agent was tested as compared with phenol two stages. first stage used 2, 4 6% 4% base drug. second bioassay artificial infection young turkeys, conduc...

Eimeria belonging to the phylum apicomplexan protozoa is recognized as the the major parasitic disease of poultry. Caecal coccidioisis caused by Eimeria tenella is a major threat to poultry production. The drugs which can inhibit sporulation process are best choice as preventive measures. Anticoccidial drugs have played a major role in the effective control of avian coccidiosis, but their exten...

BACKGROUND Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic pathogen that can infect a range of animals and humans. Ingestion of T. gondii oocysts in soil is a significant transmission route for humans and animals acquiring toxoplasmosis. In the present study, we developed a new semi-nested PCR method to determine T. gondii oocysts distribution in soils in northwestern China. RESULTS The one tube semi-nested ...

Toxoplasma gondii oocysts are highly resistant to many chemical sanitizers. Methods used to determine oocyst infectivity have relied primarily on mouse, chicken, and feline bioassays. Although considered gold standards, they only provide a qualitative assessment of oocyst viability. In this study, two alternative approaches were developed to quantitate viable T. gondii oocysts following treatme...

The following new gregarine taxa are described from larvae of flour beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): Awrygregarina billmani, n. gen., n. sp., from Tribolium brevicornis; Gregarina cloptoni, n. sp., from Tribolium freemani; Gregarina confusa, n. sp., from Tribolilum confusum; and Gregarina palori, n. sp., from Palorus subdepressus. In addition, the description of Gregarina minuta Ishii, 1914...

Quantitative risk assessment for Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts was performed to determine the public health significance of non-potable use of tertiary treated reclaimed water. Seven reclaimed water treatment plants in the southwestern United States participated in this study. The average public exposure to oocysts and cysts was estimated, based on concentrations, recovery efficienc...

Giardia and Cryptosporidium have emerged as waterborne pathogens of concern. Thirty-one water samples were collected from nine potable water treatment plants in Taiwan and investigated for the presence of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts. The immunofluorescence assay was used for the simultaneous detection of cysts and oocysts. The frequency of occurrence of cysts was 77.8% for Giardia...

Fecal samples of 14 Conolophus subcristatus from Isla Plaza Sur and of 24 Tropidurus delanonis from Isla Espafiola and several satellite islets, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, collected during June and July 1987 were examined for coccidian oocysts. None of the samples from C. subcristatus contained oocysts, but 11 of 24 (46%) samples from T. delanonis had oocysts when examined. Two Eimeria and 1 I...

We investigated the immune regulation, goblet cell responses and anti-oxidative role of garlic extracts in Eimeria vermiformis parasitized ileum mice. Garlic up-regulate IL-4 IL-13 cytokines increase numbers vermiformis-infected The results showed that extract is protective response to E. infection. Experiment was formed three groups. Control group, mice were delivered distilled water. Infected...

Hospital-based and community-based studies were conducted to understand the prevalence and mode of transmission of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in Surabaya, Indonesia. In both studies people with and without diarrhea were examined for oocysts. A community-based survey included questionnaires to a community and stool examination of cats. Questionnaires covered demographic information, health...