until now many studies have been done over recent decades throughout the world to show the right age to start english. in iran, research is still at an early stage in terms of evaluating teachers’ beliefs about teaching children english. the problem of at what age to start teaching english and how to teach english to elementary school children has not been solved neither in this country nor els...

Introduction: The emergence of form-based codes (FBCs), along with the familiar and near-universal rejection of conventional zoning, is a complex story, and more interesting than might first be supposed. The Codes Study generally does not track developer-driven form-based codes. The socio-economic context of form-based codes has shown positive FBC impacts on physical and environmental well-bein...

Having a mild and humid climate, Gilan province is closer to the comfort zone than other regions of Iran. In addition, the use of radiation, wind, precipitation and humidity components in the spatial organization of native houses has led to the formation of a semi-open space next to the closed space. In general, the placement of spaces in this climate is such that there is no clear border betwe...

Aims & Backgrounds: With the development of technology, time has become more limited to the presence of urban spaces and the experience of spaces and visual relations. This means that in the process of fitting the urban environment it is necessary to create spaces in which that, meanwhile in accordance with the needs of today, fit beyond the obvious qualities of space. In these spaces, we must ...

The study of Iranian architectural spaces as well as historical houses demonstrates the combination and connection among the three open, closed, and semi-open spaces. The connection among these three spaces and generally between inside and outside is a principle of Iranian architecture. The porch, as a semi-open space, has various functional, climatic, cultural, and physical functions, besides ...

abstract previous studies on willingness to communicate (wtc) have shown the influence of many individual or situational factors on students’ tendency to engage in classroom communication, in which wtc has been viewed either at the trait-level or situational level. however, due to the complexity of the notion of willingness to communicate, the present study suggests that these two strands are ...

In the Architecture of Iran, the vernacular architecture of Bushehr’s historic city is distinctive since it is both introverted and extroverted and has different semi-open interior and exterior spaces. Tarameh is one of these semi-open spaces. Using a qualitative research method, conducting desk and field studies and reviewing the technical documents of the historic buildings of Bushehr, this p...