BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of opium addiction and cigarette smoking on the complete blood count (CBC). METHODS Eighty-six male subjects, including 31 opium-addicted cigarette smokers (OACS), 19 opium-addicted non-cigarette smokers (OANCS), 17 non-opium-addicted cigarette smokers (NOACS), and 19 non-opium-addicted non-cigarette smokers (NOANCS) parti...

The purpose of this study is to determine the youth generation leisure time as an important factor in reducing their inclination toward drug use in North Khorasan Province, by comparing drug addicted youth in addiction treatment centers of Social Welfare Organization with other non-addicted youth. This was a survey study and a questionnaire was used for data collection. The data was analyzed by...

We already know that addiction is a complicated phenomenon. One of the most important factor is family conditions. Try to write in short way, we could say that in one hand family is an important factor on the creation of substratum for dependence. On the other hand don’t underestimate other factors of life such as personality, society and quality of life that are also very important. Family cou...

The world today is threatened by great disasters and catastrophes and one of the greatest of them is addiction. Addiction is a disaster that threatens all age and sex groups. For instance, in our country more than 2% of people are addicted. In this study, two groups of addicted (170) and healthy (167) individuals that had been selected in the systematic random method, were investigated in terms...

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the ApoE gene polymorphism and dietary factors with stroke and circulating lipid levels in the Chinese population. We selected 580 patients with stroke and 580 age- and gender-matched healthy controls, and examined their ApoE polymorphism genotype using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)...

Background/Aims. Destructive and metabolic changes in hepatobiliary system have been demonstrated following opium use; however, cholangiographic features of bile ducts in opium-addicted patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction are not clearly determined. We described these differences and assessed the effects of opium use on postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography complications. M...