this paper proposes an optimal transmission expansion planning (tep) which is based on determining share of each line in merchandizing surplus (ms) of system, determining by independent system operator (iso). the more share of a line in ms of system denotes the priority of a line for expansion. the procedure of determining ms of each line in a power system is based on determining the ms share o...

For multi-objective optimal reactive power dispatch (MORPD), a new approach is proposed where simultaneous minimization of the active power transmission loss, the bus voltage deviation and the voltage stability index of a power system are achieved. Optimal settings of continuous and discrete control variables (e.g. generator voltages, tap positions of tap changing transformers and the number of...

literature concerning the effects of ramadan fasting on sports performance presents conflicting results. in this context, some studies reported a significant impairment of sports performance during the month of ramadan. however, other studies suggested that ramadan fasting has no significant effect on physical performance.  the discrepancies between the studies could be explained by time-of-day...