Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithms are basically developed for discrete optimization and hence their application to continuous optimization problems require the transformation of a continuous search space to a discrete one by discretization of the continuous decision variables. Thus, the allowable continuous range of decision variables is usually discretized into a discrete set of allowab...

A semiempirical method for predicting the damping efficiency of hysteresis rods on-board small satellites is presented. It is based on the evaluation of dissipating energy variation of different ferromagnetic materials for two different rod shapes: thin film and circular cross-section rods, as a function of their elongation. Based on this formulation, an optimum design considering the size of h...

agar is a gelling biopolymer that can be extracted from cell wall of some red algae. in this present, response surface methodology was used to investigate the procedure of agar melting point and gelling temperature from cultural algae of gracilariopsis persica. independent variables, alkalinity concentration (2, 3.2, 5, 6.8, -8%), extraction temperature (90, 96, 105, 114, 120°c) and extraction ...

Bishop(2) establishes that in practical applications of data mining, the choice of preprocessing of the available data will be one of the most significant factors in determining the performance of the final system. Data mining situations are often caracterized with the availability of a large number of raw input input variables, sometimes in the tens of thousands range, and comparably few train...

Clearly, the optimum objective value of (P’) is at most μ̃s(G) because any relaxed s-t-cut c : V → [0, 1] induces a feasible solution with objective value size(c) by defining xv := c(v) for all variables xv. Conversely, every feasible solution x for (P’) induces a relaxed s-t-cut c by defining c(v) := xv for all v ∈ V. We conclude that the optimum objective value of (P’) is at least (and therefo...

Over the years, much effort has been spent in the search for optimum synchronization schemes that are robust and simple to implement [1,2]. These schemes were derived based on maximum-likelihood (ML) estimation theory. In many cases, the derived openor closed-loop synchronizers are nonlinear. Linear approximation provides a useful tool for the prediction of synchronizer performance. In this sem...

1. introduction how people manage risks and which variables influence on the process of risk management play a crucial role in providing productive urban disaster management and increasing public participation in the urban risk management programs. the purpose of this study is to better understand the motivations of residents in adopting reduction risk behaviors to protect themselves and their ...

Abstract—Overcurrent (OC) relays are the major protection devices in a distribution system. The operating time of the OC relays are to be coordinated properly to avoid the mal-operation of the backup relays. The OC relay time coordination in ring fed distribution networks is a highly constrained optimization problem which can be stated as a linear programming problem (LPP). The purpose is to fi...

This study aims to produce optimized biochar from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB), as a green, low cost adsorbent for uptake of zinc from aqueous solution. The impact of pyrolysis conditions, namely, highest treatment temperature (HTT), heating rate (HR), and residence time (RT) on biochar yield and adsorption capacity towards zinc, was investigated. Mathematical modeling and optimization ...

We show how and why it makes sense to use a relational formalisation instead of the usual functional one in the treatment of term graphs. Special attention is paid to term graphs with bound variables, that have, to our knowledge, never been formalised with such a generality before. Besides the novel treatment of term graphs themselves, we present an innovative relational homomorphism concept th...