Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prevalent in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation and is an independent risk factor for stroke. Warfarin anticoagulation is efficacious for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation patients with moderate CKD (stage III, estimated glomerular filtration rate 30-59 mL/min), but recent observational studies have challenged its value for patients with end-stage r...

Arginine is an important pH-elevating agent in the oral cavity. It has been incorporated in oral hygiene formulations to mitigate sensitivity and to prevent caries. In this investigation, the effects of sustained arginine dosing of dental plaque microcosms on bacteriological composition and pH were evaluated under controlled conditions. Plaque microcosms were established in constant-depth film ...

TO THE EDITORS: Safier et al conclude that preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with oral emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) dosed the day before, day of, and day after intrauterine insemination effectively achieves pregnancy in serodifferent (human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]þ/HIVe) couples while avoiding HIV transmission. In this Journal in 2015, Mabileau et al proposed simi...

REVIEWER COMMENTS. Egg is a common ingredient in a wide variety of foods. Desensitizing egg-allergic patients would reduce the risk of anaphylaxis associated with accidental ingestion and allow patients to consume a broader diet. Although the current study shows great promise, oral desensitization has significant inherent risks. Additional studies addressing patient selection, dosing, and long-...

Preclinical evaluation of drug-like molecules requires their oral administration to experimental animals using suitable vehicles. We studied the effect of oral dosing with corn oil, carboxymethyl cellulose, dimethyl sulfoxide, and polysorbate-80 on the progression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice. Infection was monitored by physical (survival time and body weight) and bacteriolog...

Historically, vitamin K antagonists have been the only class of oral anticoagulants available. Despite our experience with warfarin over the past 60 years, its use is associated with several pharmacokinetic and clinical disadvantages including unpredictable dosing, frequent monitoring, and delayed onset and offset. Edoxaban, an oral direct Xa inhibitor, may provide clinicians with an additional...

REVIEWER COMMENTS. Egg is a common ingredient in a wide variety of foods. Desensitizing egg-allergic patients would reduce the risk of anaphylaxis associated with accidental ingestion and allow patients to consume a broader diet. Although the current study shows great promise, oral desensitization has significant inherent risks. Additional studies addressing patient selection, dosing, and long-...