background: anxiety-related traits have been attributed to sequence variability in the genes coding for serotonin transmission in the brain. two alleles, termed long (l) and short (s) differing by 44 base pairs, are found in a polymorphism identified in the promoter region of serotonin transporter gene. the presence of the short allele and ss and ls genotypes is found to be associated with the ...

malignant melanoma is a potentially aggressive tumor of melanocytic origin. primary oral malignant melanoma is a rare neoplasm, accounting for 0.5% of all oral malignancies. the present case occurred in a 60‑year‑old female patient, as a pedunculated growth involving the palate and alveolar ridge and histologically showing a desmoplastic differentiation. the article discusses the distinct clini...

Introdouction: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning is a technological innovation developed in recent years with potential use in oral surgery and many other dental procedures. The aim of this study is to determine the maxillary sinus mucosal thickening in the maxillary premolar-molar area using the CBCT technique. Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 105 c...

lichenoid reactions represent a family of lesions with different etiologic factors and a common clinical and histologic appearance. lichen planus is included with lichenoid reactions and is a relatively common chronic mucocutaneous disorder. the most important complication of lichenoid reactions is the possibility of malignant transformation. that is why it has been considered a precancerous co...

lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease. mucosal lesions are classified into six clinical forms and there is malignant potential for two forms of olp; therefore, follow-up should be considered. there are many un-established etiological factors for olp and some different treatment modalities are based on etiology. the aims of current olp therapy are to eliminate mucosal ery...

The aim of this article is to review literature data about the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in children in different parts of the world.A total of 16 articles on the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in children were selected. The lesions were divided into these categories: candida infection, herpes simplex, aphthae, geographic tongue, injuries, which are the most common oral lesions see...

OBJECTIVE To explore an association between oral mucosal alterations and type 2 Diabetes mellitus. METHODS This study was conducted at Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology and Baqai Medical University from September 2010 to September 2012. A total of 800 individuals' 395 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 405 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. An oral clinical exa...

Despite the fact that the majority of human pathogens are transmitted across mucosal surfaces, including the oral mucosae, oral immunity is poorly understood. Furthermore, because the normal flora of the oral cavity is vast and significantly diverse, host immunity must balance a complex system of tolerance and pathogen recognition. Due to the rapid recognition and response to pathogens, the inn...