Ultrasound technology was used to analyse the freezing behaviour of orange juice. The ultrasonic properties of orange juice, specifically velocity and attenuation coefficient, were characterised as the temperature was decreased from 20 to −50 ◦C. The results were compared with NMR free induction decay data and correlated with the amount of unfrozen water present in the frozen sample. The veloci...

Microdialysis experiments in rodents indicate that ethanol promotes dopamine release predominantly in the nucleus accumbens, a phenomenon that is implicated in the reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis in humans that an oral dose of ethanol would lead to dopamine release in the ventral striatum, including the nucleus accumbens. Six health...

Thresholds for flavour volatiles have been traditionally calculated in water or air, but they may vary widely in more complex matrices. Thresholds of key aroma compounds of orange juice (OJ) were determined in a deodorized OJ matrix. The three-alternative-forced-choice (3-AFC) method was used (ASTM: E-679). Untrained panelists, 33–58 in number, were presented with deodorized orange juice sample...

This study aimed to determine the anti-erosive effects of xylitol, fluoride and a xylitol/fluoride combination used as an additive in an acidic drink or as mouthrinse after enamel was exposed to an acidic drink, in vitro. Human third molars were divided into 7 groups (A-G). Samples from groups A to D were immersed for 5 min in orange juice only (A), orange juice plus either 25% xylitol (B), F(-...

This study evaluated nanohardness, elastic modulus and surface roughness of human enamel after contact with citric beverages. Human enamel samples were assigned to 3 groups according to the type of beverage used: carbonated drink, orange juice and tap water (control). Surface roughness was assessed using a profilometer, and nanohardness and elastic modulus were recorded using a nanoindenter. Th...

Objective: To establish the effects of orange juice (pulp free) on residual gastric volume, when it was used during preoperative period till 3 hours before the induction of general anaesthesia. Method: In this comparative study 150 patients were divided into two groups of 75 each. In the first group patients were kept fasting after midnight, while in other group the patients were allowed 200 ml...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Polyphenols exert a variety of biological properties, including antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antigenotoxic effects. In a randomized crossover study in healthy men, we investigated the effects of orange juice and its major polyphenolic compound hesperidin on a panel of immune cell functions, including cytokine secretion by leukocytes, lytic activity of NK cells, and the Re...

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes were used to modify the surface of a glassy carbon electrode to enhance its electroactivity. Nafion served to immobilise the carbon nanotubes on the electrode surface. The modified electrode was used to develop an analytical method for the analysis of ascorbic acid (AA) by square-wave voltammetry (SWV). The oxidation of ascorbic acid at the modified glassy carbon el...

Methyl 2-benzimidazole carbamate, most commonly known as carbendazim, is a widely used broad-spectrum benzimidazole fungicide and a decomposition product of benomyl. Carbendazim is used to control plant diseases in cereals and fruit, including citrus, bananas, strawberries, pineapples, and pome fruits. Although not permitted for use to treat citrus fruit in the USA and Australia, it is permitte...

The effects on orange juice batch pasteurization in an improved pilot-scale microwave (MW) oven was evaluated by monitoring pectin methyl-esterase (PME) activity, color, carotenoid compounds and vitamin C content. Trials were performed on stirred orange juice heated at different temperatures (60, 70, 75, and 85 degrees C) during batch process. MW pilot plant allowed real-time temperature contro...