An oriented k-coloring of an oriented graph G is a mapping c : V (G) → {1, 2, . . . , k} such that (i) if xy ∈ E(G) then c(x) 6= c(y) and (ii) if xy, zt ∈ E(G) then c(x) = c(t) =⇒ c(y) 6= c(z). The oriented chromatic number ~ χ(G) of an oriented graph G is defined as the smallest k such that G admits an oriented k-coloring. We prove in this paper that every Halin graph has oriented chromatic nu...

A recent study on example-based learning revealed that instructional explanations provided in addition to self-explanation prompts can impair learning results. Additionally, Education students in different programs (didactically-oriented versus subject matter-oriented) differed in their learning outcomes. In this study we intended to find a favourable combination of instructional explanations a...

configuration of urban land use arrangement system, how to divide and how to use urban lands are advantages of environmental, economic, social, politic and rightly forces. with extension of urbanization and development of urban and regional planning, this concept is more widely hold a special place in the form of projects such as: land preparation, framework planning, general and comprehensive,...

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of meaning-focused versus form-focused input-oriented and output-oriented task-based instruction on elementary level Iranian EFL Learners’ vocabulary comprehension and recall. For this purpose, a sample of 120 male students from a private school in Tehran was selected through convenience sampling and based on availability. The participants were...

Remediation methods and strength predictions were evaluated for wood I-joists with single, circular holes in the webs, leaving utilities in place. A full-scale bending test using four equally spaced point loads was applied to three depths of joists with varying flange widths and span lengths of 4.88 and 2.44 m. Failure modes for long-span joists without holes were in the flanges in tension, com...

As software tends to be increasingly concurrent, the paradigm of message passing is becoming more prominent in computing. The language Erlang offers an intuitive and industry-tested implementation of process-oriented programming, combining pattern-matching with message mailboxes, resulting in concise, elegant programs. However, it lacks a successful static verification mechanism that ensures sa...

Dynamic aspect-oriented programming has been widely used for the development of dynamic analyses to abstract over low-level program instrumentation. Due to particular feature requirements in different analysis domains like debugging or testing, many different aspect languages were developed from scratch or by extensive compiler or interpreter extensions. We introduce another level of abstractio...

Purpose - Organizational climate affects and influence the employees’ performance, motivation, job satisfaction. The purpose of this research is to synthesize existing literature on organizational in order broaden clarify scope future subject.
 Methodology Approach- For readers obtain a better understanding idea, study gives thorough overview empirical conceptual climate, as well its outco...

Large-scale community-based content management requires “good” domain abstractions and, therefore, a serious investment into application ontology. In an interdisciplinary project with our Art History colleagues who are working in the subject domain of “Political Iconography” we are gaining substantial insight into their subject-oriented working (SOWing) modes and into initial requirements for a...

In [32, Appendix] we have shown that the system which implements the Subject-oriented approach to Business Process Modeling (S-BPM) has a precise semantical foundation in terms of Abstract State Machines (ASMs). The construction of an ASM model for the basic SBPM concepts revealed a strong relation between S-BPM and the ASM method for software design and analysis. In this paper we investigate t...