At orthostatic vasovagal syncope there appears to be a sudden decline of sympathetic activity. As mental challenge activates the sympathetic system, we hypothesized that doing mental arithmetic in volunteers driven to the end point of their cardiovascular stability may delay the onset of orthostatic syncope. We investigated this in healthy male subjects. Each subject underwent a head up tilt (H...

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that plasma galanin concentration (pGal) is regularly increased in healthy humans with extensive orthostatic stress. Twenty-six test persons (14 men, 12 women) were brought to an orthostatic end point via a progressive cardiovascular stress (PCS) protocol consisting of 70 degrees head-up tilt plus increasing levels of lower body negative pres...

Orthostatic intolerance can be defi ned as inability to tolerate upright posture relieved by recumbence. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a form of orthostatic intolerance defi ned as sustained increase in heart rate of ≥30 bpm or increase of heart rate to ≥120 bpm within 10 min of standing or head-up tilt associated with symptoms of orthostatic intolerance and absence of ort...

BACKGROUND Autonomic disorders of the cardiovascular system, such as orthostatic hypotension and elevated resting heart rate, predict mortality and cardiovascular events in the population. Low-energy-fractures constitute a substantial clinical problem that may represent an additional risk related to such autonomic dysfunction. AIMS To test the association between orthostatic hypotension, rest...

Orthostatic hypotension, a symptomatic drop in blood pressure on standing, can have detrimental effects for orthopedic patients in the postoperative period. It is essential for orthopedic practitioners to understand the causes, risk factors, treatment options, and prevention techniques for orthostatic hypotension.

A patient with peripheral neuropathy and orthostatic hypotension was found to have pernicious anaemia. Symptoms improved after vitamin B12 replacement therapy. Insulin tolerance testing showed that the patient lacked catecholamine, heart rate, and sweating responses to hypoglycaemia. This indicates that pernicious anaemia may cause orthostatic hypotension owing to failure of noradrenaline release.

A patient is described who had severe orthostatic hypotension. An account is given of his treatment with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor and tyramine. At post-mortem, 8 months after the illness began, a small oat cell carcinoma of the bronchus was found. It is suggested that the orthostatic hypotension was a nonmetastatic manifestation of the underlying carcinoma.

Aging attenuates the increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and elicits hypotension during otolith organ engagement in humans. The purpose of the present study was to determine the neural and cardiovascular responses to otolithic engagement during orthostatic stress in older adults. We hypothesized that age-related impairments in the vestibulosympathetic reflex would persist durin...