Events such as loss packets in queuing systems and bankruptcy probabilities for insurance companies are rare but consequential. The likelihood of such events can often be linked to the maximum of a stochastic process. We refer to such quantities as overflow probabilities—due to their connection to queues. Current Monte Carlo algorithms for efficient evaluation of overflow probabilities often as...

Buffer overflow attacks have been causing serious security problems for decades. With more embedded systems networked, it becomes an important research problem to defend embedded systems against buffer overflow attacks. In this paper, we propose the Hardware/Software Address Protection (HSAP) technique to solve this problem. We first classify buffer overflow attacks into two categories (stack s...

Driver distraction and safety concerns have been identified for new highway logo sign configurations. This study assessed driver perception of logo signs and distraction under nine-panel, overflow-combination, or standard six-panel formats. A nine-panel sign has nine business panels within a single sign; a six-panel sign has six panels within a sign; an overflow-combination consists of a standa...

Theories of consciousness can be separated into those that see it as cognitive in nature, or as an aspect of cognitive functioning, and those that see consciousness as importantly distinct from any kind of cognitive functioning. One version of the former kind of theory is the higherorder-thought theory of consciousness. This family of theories posits a fundamental role for cognitive states, hig...

Instantiation overflow is the property of those second order types for which all instances of full comprehension can be deduced from instances of atomic comprehension. In other words, a type has instantiation overflow when one can type, by atomic polymorphism,"expansion terms"which realize instances of the full extraction rule applied to that type. This property was investigated in the case of ...

Programmers often consult an online Q&A forum such as Stack Overflow to learn new APIs. This paper presents an empirical study on the prevalence and severity of API misuse on Stack Overflow. To reduce manual assessment effort, we design Maple, an API usage mining approach that extracts patterns from over 380K Java repositories on GitHub and subsequently reports potential API usage violations in...

Since any personal computer has a limited range of integer values, therefore, it will result in an integer overflow when a program tries to compute a value larger than machine’s maximum value. We will discuss a workable algorithm that will be able to deal with any large numbers without getting an integer overflow.

The effect of ouabain on exocytotic and nonexocytotic norepinephrine release was investigated in perfused rat and guinea pig hearts. The overflow of endogenous norepinephrine and its neuronal metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (DOPEG) was determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography. DOPEG served as the indicator of free axoplasmic norepinephrine concentrations. The overflow of t...