background: in this study, ferrate (vi) and ultraviolet (uv) radiation were employed to remove hydrogen sulfide from municipal wastewater resulting in a reduction in chemical oxygen demand (cod). although ferrate (vi) and uv have been used individually for the removal of a few pollutants from urban and industrial wastewater, there exists no study to investigate the effectiveness of simultaneous...

The contribution of interspecific competition to structuring population and community dynamics remains controversial poorly tested. Interspecific has long been thought influence the structure migrant–resident bird communities in winter, yet experimental evidence elusive. arrival billions songbirds into Neotropical habitats, where they co-exist with residents, provides a unique opportunity asses...