Production of CH(4) in anoxic rice field soil is stimulated by the addition of rice straw. Previous experiments showed that acetate and propionate are the most important intermediates of the carbon flow to CH(4), and accumulate if CH(4) production is inhibited by 2-bromoethanesulfonate (BES). However, some unidentified compounds were found to accumulate in addition. We now identified them as be...

Electrocatalytic water oxidation occurs on high surface area, nanocrystalline ITO (nanoITO) surface-derivatized by phosphonate-binding of the catalyst [Ru(Mebimpy)(4,4'-((HO)(2)OPCH(2))(2)bpy)(OH(2))](2+) (Mebimpy is 2,6-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine; bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine). With nanoITO, spectral data can be acquired on electrochemically generated intermediates and voltammograms moni...

A glassy carbon electrode modified with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) containing phenacetin recognition sites is introduced. The phenacetin-selective MIP was synthesised based on the electropolymerisation of pyrrole in a 1:1 (v/v) water/ethanol with HClO4 solution. The MIP-modified electrode showed higher recognition ability in comparison with a bare electrode for procaine and aminopyri...

The α-arylation of cyclic and fluoroalkyl 1,3-diketones is made challenging by the highly stabilized nature corresponding enolates, especially difficult for sterically demanding aryl partners. As a general solution to this problem, we report Bi-mediated oxidative coupling acidic diones ortho-substituted arylboronic acids. Starting from bench-stable bismacycle precursor, sequence B-to-Bi transme...

The anaerobic oxidation of Fe(II) by subsurface microorganisms is an important part of biogeochemical cycling in the environment, but the biochemical mechanisms used to couple iron oxidation to nitrate respiration are not well understood. Based on our own work and the evidence available in the literature, we propose a mechanistic model for anaerobic nitrate-dependent iron oxidation. We suggest ...

The electro-oxidation, over platinized titanium and ruthenium oxide anodes, of nitrogen containing molecules (urea, reactive Blue 4 dye, acetonitrile, formamide, guanidine and pyridazine) was investigated, monitoring the products distribution. The Nmineralization leads to have inorganic pollutants (NH3/NH4 + and/or NO2 /NO3 ). Amidic and aminic compounds react both in homogeneous (acid hydrolys...

Protein ubiquitination is a highly versatile post-translational modification that regulates as diverse processes as protein degradation and kinase activation. Deubiquitinases hydrolyse ubiquitin modifications from proteins and are hence key regulators of the ubiquitin system. Ovarian tumour deubiquitinases comprise a family of fourteen human enzymes, many of which regulate cellular signalling p...

Catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) of phenol over activated carbon catalysts in presence of a typical promoter such as hydrogen peroxide has been studied. The experiments were carried out in a trickle-bed reactor at given operating conditions (Cinlet phenol= 1 g/L, Cinlet H2O2= 5g/L, T=127 oC, PT=8 atm and WCAT=2.5 g) in a wide range of space time values (W/QL=20-320 gCAT·h/L). The effect of th...

5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is an agent widely used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. 5-ASA has been shown to be a potential scavenger of the oxidants, such as hypochlorous acid (HOCl), that are released by neutrophils present in inflammatory bowel disease. We studied the oxidation of 5-ASA by HOCl and characterized the reaction pathway involving reactive intermediates. The reac...

In Paper V of this series (1) it was found that the citrate which accumulates during the oxidation of W-tagged acetoacetate by rat kidney in the presence of oxalacetate had a high content of isotopic carbon, thus confirming the participation of tricarboxylic acids in the oxidation of fatty acid intermediates. The present study represents a continuation of the investigation of this reaction with...