Background: Alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. is the most important and widely grown leguminous fodder crop in temperate tropical regions of world. The production alfalfa limited by several biotic stresses, among which witches’ broom disease (AWB) was reported to cause significant economic losses. Methods: phytoplasma infected plants were collected from a central research farm, ICAR-IGFRI, Jhansi, U....

The rapid atrial rate during atrial fibrillation (AF) decreases the ionic current density of transient outward K+ current, L-type Ca2+ current, and Na+ current, thereby altering cardiac electrophysiology and promoting arrhythmia maintenance. To assess possible underlying changes in cardiac gene expression, we applied competitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction to quantify mRNA c...

There is little understanding of mechanisms underlying the assembly and release of infectious hepatitis C virus (HCV) from cultured cells. Cells transfected with synthetic genomic RNA from a unique genotype 2a virus (JFH1) produce high titers of virus, while virus yields are much lower with a prototype genotype 1a RNA containing multiple cell culture-adaptive mutations (H77S). To characterize t...

Properties, developmental regulation, and cAMP modulation of the hyperpolarization-activated current (I(h)) were investigated by the whole cell patch-clamp technique in vestibular ganglion neurons of the rat at two postnatal stages (P7-10 and P25-28). In addition, by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry the identity and distribution of hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide-gated channel ...

The photoluminescence properties of (Gd,Yb,Tb)PO4 nanocrystals synthesized via a hydrothermal route at 150 °C are reported. Energy-transfer from Gd(3+) to Tb(3+) is witnessed by the detailed analyses of excited-state lifetimes, emission quantum yields, and emission and excitation spectra at room temperature, for Tb(3+) concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 5.0 mol%. Absolute-emission quantum yield...

Periventricular white matter injury (PWMI) is the leading cause of neurodevelopmental morbidity in survivors of premature birth. Cerebral ischemia is considered a major etiologic factor in the generation of PWMI. In adult white matter (WM), ischemic axonal damage is mediated by AMPA/kainate receptors. Mechanisms of ischemic axonal injury during development are not well defined. We used a murine...

When does adult hippocampal neurogenesis begin? We describe the development of the neurogenic niche in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. We did so from the perspective of the situation in the adult. Ontogeny of the dentate gyrus is complex and results in an ectopic neurogenic niche that lifelong generates new granule cells. Neurogenesis during the fetal and early post...