We report the first demonstration of all-optical multi-bit address recognition at 250 Gb/s using a self-routing scheme. With bit period being only 4 ps, two address bits from each packet header were used for routing. Photonic packets can be removed(dropped) by a routing switch from network traffic at their destination. The packet-switching bit-error rate was measured to be less than 10(-9) .

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. Each node operates not only as an end system, but also as a router to forward packets. The nodes are free to move about and organize themselves into a network. These nodes change position frequently. The main classes of routing protocols are Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid. A Reactive (on-demand) r...

The common goals of designing a routing algorithm is not only to reduce control packet overhead, maximise throughput and minimise the end-to-end delay, but also take into consideration the energy consumption. Scalability is an important factor in designing an efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Three metrics (power consumption, time of transmission and packet loss ra...

Location based routing protocols are the kinds of routing protocols, which use of nodes’ location information, instead of links’ information for routing. They are also known as position based routing. In position based routing protocols, it is supposed that the packet source node has position information of itself and its neighbors and packet destination node. In recent years, many location bas...

With respect to the inherent advantages of multipath routing, nowadays multipath routing is known as an efficient mechanism to provide even network resource utilization and efficient data transmission in different networks. In this context, several multipath routing protocols have been developed over the past years. However, due to the time-varying characteristics of low-power wireless communic...

Mobile ad-hoc network is an infrastructure-less network in which the routing operation play important role in route discovery between communicating nodes. Due to infrastructure-less characteristic of ad-hoc network, it has different issues like routing, MAC layer, security etc. One of them is security issue which needs more concern. Vampire attacks modify targeted packets. It does so by prepari...

In this work we consider deterministic oblivious dimensional routing algorithms on d-dimensional meshes. In oblivious dimensional routing algorithms the path of a packet depends only on the source and destination node of the packet. Furthermore packets use a shortest path with a minimal number of bends. We present an Ω(kn(d+1)/2) step lower bound for oblivious dimensional k-k routing algorithms...

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is constructed with numerous sensors over geographical regions. The basic challenge experienced while designing WSN in increasing the network lifetime and use of low energy. As sensor nodes are resource constrained nature, novel techniques essential to improve WSN. Nodes energy considered as an important for node which battery powered based. In WSN, consumed main...

Mobile ad hoc network consists of mobile node where no infrastructure exists. If a node wants to communicate with other node, it needs to obtain its location to forward the data packets. Due to high mobility nature, communication will get degraded because of less packet delivery rate. In previous location aware routing protocols, multipath routing is not deployed with location updation. In this...

MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) has recently emerged to facilitate the engineering of network traffic. This can be achieved by directing packet flows over paths that satisfy multiple requirements. MPLS has been regarded as an enhancement to traditional IP routing, which has the following problems: (1) all packets with the same IP destination address have to follow the same path through th...