MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small 22-25 nucleotides long non-coding RNAs, that are conserved during evolution, and control gene expression in metazoan animals, plants, viruses, and bacteria primarily at post-transcriptional and transcriptional levels. MiRNAs ultimately regulate target gene expression by degrading the corresponding mRNA and/or inhibiting their translation. Currently, the critical fun...

Superior sulcus tumor refers to any primary lung cancer presenting with constant pain in the nerve distribution of the eighth cervical, first and second thoracic nerve roots and Horner's syndrome caused by invasion of the stellate ganglion. The pain is steady, severe, and unrelenting, involving the shoulder, the vertebral margin of the scapula and ulnar distribution of the arm to the elbow and ...

A 60 year old male farmer presented with acute paraplegia, loss of sensations below the nipples and bowel-bladder incontinence since two days. On examination, Horner’s syndrome with ptosis, miosis and anhidrosis was noted on the left half of the face (Fig. 1). Small muscle wasting and ulnar clawing were noted in the left hand with diminished sensations suggesting a C8-T1 radiculopathy. There wa...

Abstract Superior sulcus tumors, also known as Pancoast present in a distinctive way with Horner's syndrome (ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis), hand weakness brought on by the atrophy of intrinsic muscles, excruciating pain along medial aspect arm. (1) Primary lung cancers constitute majority but can be multifactorial. (2) Here, we case 62-year-old male who presented right shoulder for 2 months. ...

conclusions pc-rplnd is one the major operations in the field of urology, which is associated with significant adjunctive surgeries. in appropriate cases, pc-rplnd was associated with good cancer specific survival in tertiary oncology center. results twenty-one patients underwent bilateral pc-rplnd. mean age was 26.3 years (ranged 16 - 47). mean size of retroperitoneal mass after chemotherapy w...

The reader is reminded, in a lively manner, of the early days of formal education in medicine, of Benjamin Franklin's College of Philadelphia, of the days of giants of early medicine-Shippen and Rush-of struggles, expansion, squabbles, and growing pains. Other names in the changes include Chapman, Wood, Osler, Edsall, Frazier, Leidy, de Schweinitz, Pepper, Deaver, Mitchell, Piersol, Taylor, Fox...