To evaluate the effect of egg age of Spartocera dentiventris (Berg) on the parasitism by Gryon gallardoi (Brethes), groups of 12 eggs of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 12 days old were exposed to one female of G. gallardoi on a test tube, with the wasp observed for 2h subsequently. Later, the eggs were individualised and incubated (25 +/- 1 degrees C; 12h photoperiod) until adult emergence. To identi...

Insect parasitoids, and the arthropod hosts they consume during development, are important ecological players in almost all environments across globe. As ectothermic organisms, both parasitoid host strongly impacted by environmental temperature. If thermal tolerances differ between insect parasitoid, then outcome of their interaction will be determined ambient mean temperatures continue to rise...

Biological control using Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), an egg parasitoid wasp, was tested in Uruguay to reduce populations of lepidopteran pests on soybeans. It was observed that the commercial parasitoid dispensers, which were made of cardboard, were vulnerable to small predators that succeeded in entering and emptying the containers of all the eggs parasitized...

Female golden egg bugs show unique flexibility in their oviposition behavior. Females can lay eggs on plants, where they are left unattended, or on the back of conspecifics, where they remain until hatching. In this article we show that eggs have greater survival rates when carried by an adult than when laid on plants. The main causes of egg mortality are predators and a parasitoid wasp. Our re...

BACKGROUND The Braconid wasp Fopius arisanus (Sonan) has been utilized for biological control of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata), and the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis), both of which are phytophagous fruit fly pests of economic importance in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world. We have sequenced and assembled the transcriptome of this wasp using tissue...

Laboratory assays show that parasites often have lower heat tolerance than their hosts. But how physiological tolerances and behavioral responses of hosts combine to affect ecological interactions in heterogeneous field environments is largely unknown. We addressed this challenge using the model insect system braconid wasp parasitoid, Cotesia congregata, its caterpillar host, Manduca sexta. use...

The braconid wasp, Fopius arisanus (Sonan), a biological control agent for Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), was studied in coffee, Coffea arabica L. Fopius arisanus, comprised 79.3% of the total parasitoids (7,014) recovered from fruits collected at three small coffee farms. Data from seasonal host/parasitoid studies at a large coffee plantation also suggested that the m...