gyrA and parC mutations have been identified inn Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants stepwise selected for resistance to sparfloxacin, an antipneumococcal fluoroquinolone. GyrA mutations (at the position equivalent to resistance hot spot Ser-83 in Escherichia coli GyrA) were found in all 17 first-step mutants examined and preceded DNA topoisomerase IV parC mutations (at Ser-79 or Glu-83), which ap...

1Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut de Neurociències Hospital Cĺınic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain 2Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain 3Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Cĺınic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain 4Neurology Service, Cĺınica Dexeus, Barcelona, Ca...