Histrionicotoxin, a toxin isolated from skin secretions of a Colombian arrow poison frog, Dendrobates histrionicus, decreased the amplitude and time-course of the endplate current, and altered the voltage dependence of the half-decay time. In addition, the toxin produced a characteristic nonlinearity in the current-voltage relationship of the endplate current when 3-s voltage conditioning steps...

In this article the improved sampled average modulation technique is proposed, has 2N + 1 levels in output voltage waveform of MMC and it considered as low complexity implementation for any number submodules per arm. For that, characteristics such dynamic response, complexity, inverter levels, switching frequency are to evaluate validate proposed technique. The compared with other three previou...

the application of ion current signals is one of the most recent approaches in engine management systems. by applying a small constant dc voltage across the electrodes of the spark plug and measuring the current through the electrode gap, the state of gas may be measured and investigated. in this paper a computer code is developed in order to analyze the state of gas during the combustion perio...

We present a phenomenological model for the vortex dynamics in the peak effect region of weakly pinned superconductors. We explain the history dependent dynamic response of the metastable vortex states subjected to a transport current and the hysteretic voltage-current characteristics observed in the vicinity of peak effect in weakly pinned superconductors. A strong variation in voltage current...

We present a theoretical foundation and a methodology for automatically assigning supply voltages to approximate ripple carry adders in which accuracy is traded for energy consumption. The error minimization problem for a fixed energy budget is formulated as a binned geometric program. We first use geometric programming to minimize the average error of the adder and compute the supply voltages ...

The one photon absorption (OPA) cross section of a current carrying two-orbital quantum dot (QD) with strong electron-phonon interaction (polaron regime) is considered. Using the self-consistent non-equilibrium Hartree-Fock (HF) approximation, we determine the dependence of OPA cross section on the applied bias voltage, the strength of effective electron-electron interaction, and level spacing ...

The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is the central site of termination of baroreceptor afferents. We hypothesize that changes occur in voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) within NTS neurons as a consequence of hypertension. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were obtained from adult normotensive (109+/-2 mm Hg; n=6 from 6 sham-operated and 31 nonsurgically treated) and hypertensive (158+/...

Voltage sag compensator is very important in power quality. Its performance also depends on the types of sag detection techniques used. Sag detection technique determines the dynamic performance of a voltage-sag compensator. Many techniques have been introduced to measure and to detect voltage sag, such as RMS-Value Evaluation and Peak-Value Evaluation. Unfortunately, most of the techniques req...

Excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) have been studied in voltage-clamped bullfrog sympathetic ganglion B cells. The EPSC was small, rose to a peak within 1-3 ms, and then decayed exponentially over most of its time-course. For 36 cells at --50 mV (21-23 degrees C), peak EPSC size was --6.5 +/- 3.5 nA (mean +/- SD), and the mean decay time constant tau was 5.3 +/- 0.9 ms. tau showed a small...