Misogyny – the hatred of women, often expressed through violence against women or sexual objectification Bystander Efficacy – one’s confidence to intervene in sexually aggressive events Audience Inhibition – the phenomenon in which an individual does not intervene because doing so runs the risk of embarrassment Background Male-to-female sexual aggression (SA) is a serious public health concern,...

The information flow inside a P2P network is highly dependent on the network structure. In order to ease the diffusion of relevant data toward interested peers, many P2P protocols gather similar nodes by putting them in direct contact. With this approach the similarity between nodes is computed in a pointto-point fashion: each peer individually identifies the nodes that share similar interests ...

This study examined the relationship between perceived socialization from parents, school, peers, and media and adolescents’ cognitive susceptibility to initiating sexual intercourse and transition to intercourse 2 years later. Baseline and follow-up in-home Audio-Computer Assisted Self Interview surveys were completed by 854 Black and White male and female adolescents who, at baseline, were 12...

INTRODUCTION This study investigated facilitators and barriers to adoption of an at-scene patient education program by firefighter emergency medical technicians (EMTs) in King County, Washington. METHODS We consulted providers of emergency medical services (EMS) to develop a patient education pamphlet in the form of a tear-off sheet that could be attached to the EMT medical incident report. T...

Behavior in social groups follows unwritten codes, with the social group one is embedded in defining what behavior is acceptable and what is not. Prior research has found strong tendencies toward informational isomorphism in groups in online social networks, as social peers seem to establish a shared understanding of what behavior is acceptable and what informational content is okay to share. H...

We consider a model where each individual (or ethnic minority) is embedded in a network of relationships and decides whether or not she wants to be assimilated to the majority norm. Each individual wants her behavior to agree with her personal ideal action or norm but also wants her behavior to be as close as possible to the average assimilation behavior of her peers. We show that there is alwa...

OBJECTIVE To integrate results of available studies that compared levels of depressive symptoms of children and adolescents with chronic physical illness to healthy peers or test norms. METHODS Random-effects meta-analysis was computed with 340 studies and 450 subsamples. RESULTS Children and adolescents with chronic illness have, on average, higher levels of depressive symptoms than their ...

This study assessed the hypothesis that popularity in adolescence takes on a twofold role, marking high levels of concurrent adaptation but predicting increases over time in both positive and negative behaviors sanctioned by peer norms. Multimethod, longitudinal data, on a diverse community sample of 185 adolescents (13 to 14 years), addressed these hypotheses. As hypothesized, popular adolesce...

Each t-norm can be identified with its Cayley tomonoid, which consists of pairwise commuting order-preserving functions from the real unit interval to itself. Cayley tomonoids provide an easily manageable, yet versatile tool for the construction of t-norms. To give evidence to this claim, we review and reformulate several construction methods that are known in the literature. We adopt, on the o...

We describe a computational model of social norms based on identifying values that a certain culture finds desirable such as dignity, generosity and politeness. The model quantifies these values in the form of Culture-Sanctioned Social Metrics (CSSMs) and treats social norms as the requirement to maximize these metrics from the perspective of the self, peers and public. This model can be used t...