PURPOSE The aim of the study was to find an appropriate method for determination of the attachment degree of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to poly(anhydride) nanoparticles. METHODS The nanoparticles were modified with hydroxy-functionalized or with amino-functionalized PEGs. Three methods for their determination were applied and examined: in particular colorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance ( (1...

The cyclohedron Wn, known also as the Bott-Taubes polytope, arises both as the polyhedral realization of the poset of all cyclic bracketings of the word x1x2 . . . xn and as an essential part of the Fulton-MacPherson compactification of the configuration space of n distinct, labelled points on the circle S1. The “polygonal pegs problem” asks whether every simple, closed curve in the plane or in...

Peg-in-hole insertion is not only a longstanding problem in robotics but the most common automated mechanical assembly task. In this paper we present a high precision, self-calibrating peg-in-hole insertion strategy using several very simple, inexpensive, and accurate optical sensors. The self-calibrating feature allows us to achieve successful dead-reckoning insertions with tolerances of 25 mi...

Glenoid implant design and alignment are critical to the success of shoulder arthroplasty. Computer-aided design models of 3 glenoid implant designs (keel, standard pegs, and modified pegs) were virtually implanted into 3-dimensional computed tomography-reconstructed models of 40 normal scapulae. The incidence of perforation on 3-dimensional computed tomography preoperative templating varied fr...

Different from most of other plants, peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a typical geocarpic species which flowering and forming pegs (gynophores) above the ground. Pegs penetrate into soil for embryo and pod development. To investigate the molecular mechanism of geocarpy feature of peanut, the proteome profiles of aerial grown gynophores (S1), subterranean unswollen gynophores (S2), and gynophores...

Peg Solitaire is a well known puzzle which can prove difficult despite its simple rules. Pegs are arranged on a board such that at least one ‘hole’ remains. By making draughts-like moves, pegs are gradually removed until no further moves are possible or some goal configuration is achieved. This paper considers the English variant, consisting of a board in a cross shape with 33 holes. Modelling ...

The classical Tower of Hanoi puzzle, invented by the French mathematician Édourd Lucas in 1883, consists of 3 wooden pegs and n disks with pairwise different diameters. The n disks are initially stacked on a single peg in order of decreasing size, from the largest at the bottom to the smallest at the top. (See Figure 1.) The goal is to move the tower of disks to another peg, moving one topmost ...

Peg-in-hole insertion is not only a longstanding problem in robotics but the most common automated mechanical assembly task [10]. In this paper we present a high precision, self-calibrating peg-in-hole insertion strategy using several very simple, inexpensive, and accurate optical sensors. The self-calibrating feature allows us to achieve successful dead-reckoning insertions with tolerances of ...

A new set of branched high-molecular weight multifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (MultiPEG) derivatives was obtained from smaller commercial diOH-PEGs (M.W. = 2000 and 6000 Da) which were selectively monoprotected, properly activated at the residual OH-functions and treated with 1,3-diamino-2-propanol and 2-amino-1,3-propandiol as polyfunctional linkers. They were purified by molecular exclusi...

Enterprise Architecture (EA) frameworks provide a wide range of architecture components. Contextual EA components provide the necessary guidance to design specific architectures in a given context e.g. for PanEuropean Government Services (PEGS). Contextual EA components help to describe the background and scope of architecture work and provide a ground to tackle architecture challenges in an ag...