Start-up and dynamic responses to changes in load are reported for a dry feed, autohumidified polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell PEMFC . The fuel cell current can be ignited by water injection; criteria are derived for the required water injection as functions of fuel cell size, temperature, and reactant feed rates. Steady-state multiplicity is observed where the fuel cell current can be ei...

In recent years energy shortage and environmental impacts due to consuming fossil fuels have led to developing renewable energy sources systems. Since these sources are not reliable and are usually time dependent, an energy storing system like hydrogen production is required. In this regard, PEM electrolyzer can be efficiently used to decompose liquid water into hydrogen and oxygen. Because of ...

This paper focuses on the energy management control strategy for a hybrid fuel cell powered vehicle. A method based on optimal control theory is presented. This control strategy has been applied to a representative hybrid PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cell mid-size vehicle. Simulation results on a priori known driving cycle are presented and compared to a sub-optimal strategy. Copyright ©...

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are promising devices for clean power generation in automotive, stationary, and portable applications. Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomers (for example, Nafion) have been the benchmark PEMs; however, several problems, including high gas permeability, low thermal stability, high production cost, and environmental incompatibility, limit the widespre...

In this paper, we demonstrate a monolithic integrated micro direct methanol fuel cell (μDMFC) for the first time. The monolithic integrated μDMFC combines proton exchange membrane (PEM) and Pt nanocatalysts, in which PEM is achieved by the functionalized porous silicon membrane and 3D Pt nanoflowers being synthesized in situ on it as catalysts. Sulfo groups functionalized porous silicon membran...

The aim of this article is to introduce a novel Circle Search Algorithm (CSA) with the purpose obtaining precise electrical model proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Current-voltage and current-power curves are used characterize performance PEMFCs. A nonlinear seven unknown parameters describe these polarization curves. Estimating critical issue because they influence dynamic analysis c...

The amount of current density produced by the stack is the key performance parameter for a fuel cell, given a well-defined quantity of reactants flowing through it. A Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) distributed parameters model is considered with all the aspects influencing the cell behavior. A sensitivity analysis is performed through a Monte Carlo Simulation to assess the impact on...

The present paper explores the impact of an on-board hydrogen harvesting system (fuel reformer) on the overall efficiency of a fuel-cell powered vehicle. Various methods of hydrogen production for automotive applications have been discussed first. As the hydrogen production is one of the major challenges for application of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, especially in vehicular indus...

The spatiotemporal dynamic response of a segmented anode parallel channel polymer electrolyte membrane PEM fuel cell was monitored following changes in flow rate, temperature and load resistance. Autohumidified operation with dry feeds at 1 bar pressure was achieved at temperatures below 70°C, where the convective transport of water vapor was less than the water production by the fuel cell curr...