In the chemical reaction that proceeds in a high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack (HT-PEMFC stack), the internal local temperature, voltage, pressure, flow and current nonuniformity may cause poor membrane material durability and nonuniform fuel distribution, thus influencing the performance and lifetime of the fuel cell stack. In this paper micro-electro-mechanical systems ...

Operation of PEM fuel cells (PEMFC) with the dead-ended anode (DEA) leads to severe voltage transients due to accumulation of nitrogen, water vapor and liquid water in the anode channels and the gas diffusion layer (GDL). Accumulation of nitrogen causes a large voltage transient with a characteristic profile whereas the amount of water vapor in the anode is limited by the saturation pressure, a...

This paper describes simulation results of a small 500 W wind fuel cell hybrid energy system. The system consists of a Southwest Wind Power Inc. AIR 403 wind turbine, a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) and an electrolyzer. Dynamic modeling of various components of this small isolated system is presented. Simulink is used for the dynamic simulation of this nonlinear 48 V hybrid energy ...

Abstract Proton exchange membrane (PEM) is the core component of proton fuel cell. Generally speaking, ordinary PEM has poor barrier to (especially liquid fuel) and conduction a strong dependence on water molecules. Compared with PEM, high temperature cell works in non-water environment, which overcomes above problems. Besides, system complex low impurity much simpler flow field design. Polyben...

A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with both gas distribution flow channels and Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) is developed. A set of conservation equation is numerically solved by developing a CFD code based on the finite volume technique and SIMPLE algorithm. In this research, some parameters like oxygen consumption, water...

The main target is the maximization of output power PEM “proton exchange membrane” fuel cell via fuzzy modelling and optimization. In beginning, using experimental data, a robust model designed for simulating relative humidity (%) stoichiometric ratio at anode cathode. Then, artificial ecosystem optimiser (AEO) applied to determine best values controlling input parameters. During optimization p...

Hybrid polymer electrolyte fuel cells combine a proton exchange membrane PEM and anion exchange membrane AEM and exhibit unique advantages. The electrochemical performance and current limitations of a hybrid cell with an alkaline electrode fabricated on a Nafion membrane was characterized at 70°C as a function of relative humidity. To separate the individual characteristics of the AEM anode and...

Early and accurate fault detection and diagnosis for renewable energy systems can increase their safety and ensure the continuity of their service. This paper presents a comprehensive review of different fault detection and diagnosis methods for hybrid renewable energy systems consisting of a wind turbine power generator, a PV (photovoltaic) array, a PEM (polymer electrolyte membrane) fuel cell...

This chapter presents general mathematical models and numerical simulation for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) to evaluate the effects of various designs and operating parameters on the PEMFC performance. Both one and two-dimensional models are presented; the advantages and weaknesses of using one-dimensional and two-dimensional models are discussed in detail. Subsequently, a general...

The design and operation of a differential polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell is described. The fuel cell design is based on coupled stirred tank reactors (STRs) coupled through a membrane; the gas phase in each reactor compartment is well mixed. The characteristic times for reactant flow, gas phase diffusion, and reaction were chosen so that the gas compositions at both the anode and...