Mitochondria contain more than 1000 different proteins, including several proteolytic enzymes. These mitochondrial proteases form a complex system that performs limited and terminal proteolysis to build the proteome, maintain, control its functions or degrade proteins peptides. During protein biogenesis, presequence cleave targeting signals obtain mature functional proteins. Processing by also ...

Gallium-68 a positron emitter radionuclide, with great impact on the nuclear medicine, has been widely used in positron emission tomography (PET) diagnosis of various malignancies in humans during more recent years especially in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The vast number of 68Ge/68Ga related generator productions, targeting molecule design (proteins, antibody fragments,...

Peptides and proteins, two important classes of biomacromolecules, play roles in the biopharmaceuticals field. As compared with traditional drugs based on small molecules, peptide- protein-based offer several advantages, although most cannot traverse cell membrane, a natural barrier that prevents biomacromolecules from directly entering cells. However, drug delivery via cell-penetrating peptide...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease affecting about 0.24 % of the world population. Protein arginine deiminase type 4 (PAD4) believed to be responsible for occurrence RA by catalyzing citrullination proteins. The citrullinated proteins act as autoantigens stimulating immune response. Citrullinated α-enolase has been identified one RA. Hence, serves a suitable templat...

Recent years have witnessed a rise in methods for accurate prediction of structure and design novel functional proteins. Design protein fragments peptides occupy small, albeit unique, space within the general field design. While smaller size these allows more exhaustive computational methods, flexibility their sparsity data compared to proteins, as well presence noncanonical building blocks, ad...