Exclosure plots established in three separate areas of kanuka (Kunzea ericoides var. ericoides) forest on south Kaipara spit in 1983 to assess the impact of introduced fallow deer (Dama dama) were remeasured in 1993. Kanuka shared canopy dominance with mapou (Myrsine australis), houpara (Pseudopanax lessonii) and mahoe (Melicytus ramiflorus ssp. ramiflorus) in relatively old forest in Lookout B...

Invasive alien deer (known in Australia as ‘feral deer’; hereafter, ‘alien deer’) are some of Australia’s worst emerging pest species. Recently, the Government South launched a four-year program to reduce populations fallow ( Dama dama ). The will focus on coordinating landscape-scale aerial culls and seeks deliver most efficient humane approach culling. We sourced data from recent trialling ne...

Abstract Background The density of Ixodes ricinus nymphs infected with Anaplasma phagocytophilum is one the parameters that determines risk for humans and domesticated animals to contract anaplasmosis. For this, I. larvae need take a bloodmeal from free-ranging ungulates, which are competent hosts A. phagocytophilum. Methods Here, we compared contribution four ungulate species, red deer ( Cervu...