Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) have become a central tool for malaria control because they provide personal and community-wide protection through their repellent and insecticidal properties. Here we propose a model that allows to assess the relative importance of those two effects in different epidemiological contexts and we show that these two levels of protection may oppose each other. O...

The modernisation of the existing EU framework for personal data protection is necessary in order to fulfil the obligation incumbent on the EU legislator by virtue of Article 16 TFEU. It is also an essential element of delivering effective protection of the fundamental rights of EU citizens to privacy and personal data protection set out in Articles 7 and 8 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights ...

Personal protection measures against biting arthropods include topical insect repellents, area repellents, insecticide-treated bednets and treated clothing. The literature on the effectiveness of personal protection products against arthropods is mainly limited to studies of prevention of bites, rather than prevention of disease. Tungiasis was successfully controlled by application of topical r...