Catalytic pyrolysis is a promising thermochemical conversion route for lignocellulosic biomass that produces chemicals and fuels compatible with current, petrochemical infrastructure. Catalytic modifications to pyrolysis bio-oils are geared towards the elimination and substitution of oxygen and oxygen-containing functionalities in addition to increasing the hydrogen to carbon ratio of the final...

Iran’s energy and petrochemical exports have recently been restricted by a series of international sanctions. This paper focuses on one of the country’s exports, namely methanol – a petrochemical increasingly used for fuel blending and traded at various locations worldwide – and empirically explores the relationships among the North American, European, and Asian markets to investigate the incid...

Abstract As an important raw material and petrochemical tool, petroleum not only brings convenience to mankind, but also huge socio-economic cultural value our social development, at the same time it causes a lot of serious damage ecological environment. The identification measurement pollutants has become main tool identify pollution sources, control their protect This paper explores fluoresce...

Ambient VOCs in the vicinity of a petrochemical industrial area were analyzed for their health impact and potential emission sources. Comprehensive measurements conducted based on U.S. EPA TO-15. Potential carcinogenic non-carcinogenic inhalation risks evaluated by comparing measured concentrations with unit risk (IUR) reference concentration (RfC). The results indicated that high occurred from...

Production of fuels and chemicals through microbial fermentation of plant material is a desirable alternative to petrochemical-based production. Fermentative production of biorenewable fuels and chemicals requires the engineering of biocatalysts that can quickly and efficiently convert sugars to target products at a cost that is competitive with existing petrochemical-based processes. It is als...

In this contribution we apply different approaches to solve four rather different MINLP problems: special extensions to time-indexed formulations of production planning problems, a production planning problem in BASF’s petrochemical division, a site analysis of one of BASF’s bigger sites, and a process design problem. The first problem is related to a useful nonlinear extension of production pl...

This report discusses the MARKAL-MATTER results regarding the impact of greenhouse gas policies on the petrochemical industry in Western Europe from an integrated chain perspective. The MARKAL-MATTER model gives insight in how different technologies might develop in the next decades at different emission permit prices. This report first describes the present situation in the petrochemical indus...

This paper presents a computer tool for tuning PID controllers. What makes this tool different to others available in the market is the ability to model the most important load disturbances. The MISO calculated model enables a better tuning of the PID loop, both for the servo and regulatory cases. This is of special interest in the Petrochemical Industry where most of the PID controllers have a...

This review presents a brief overview of the health effects and exposures of two criteria pollutants--ozone and particulate matter--and two toxic air pollutants--benzene and formaldehyde. These pollutants were selected from the six criteria pollutants and from the 189 toxic air pollutants on the basis of their prevalence in the United States, their physicochemical behavior, and the magnitude of...