Several surgical strategies have been proposed to improve visual function in patients with keratoconus who become contact lens intolerant1,2. In mild-tomoderate keratoconus, when the central cornea remains clear, intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS), and phakic intraocular lenses (PIOLs) may provide enough BSCVA, and sometimes uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), to postpone and sometimes avo...

BACKGROUND We explore and compare the advantages and disadvantages of different operating methods for a peripheral iridectomy (PI) for phakic posterior chamber implantable contact lens (ICL) implantation in patients with dark-brown irides. METHODS Forty-six patients completed this prospective comparative study. Neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) PI was performed in 15 patients (30 ey...

PURPOSE To assess the 3-year clinical outcomes of toric phakic intraocular lens (Visian ICL™; STAAR Surgical) implantation for moderate to high myopic astigmatism. METHODS This retrospective study evaluated fifty eyes of 28 patients who underwent toric ICL implantation for the correction of moderate to high myopic astigmatism and who regularly returned for postoperative examination. Before, a...

BACKGROUND We present two cases of transient vacuolar changes in the anterior subcapsular space of the crystalline lens in patients after posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation. CASE PRESENTATION Implantable collamer lenses (ICL) were implanted in healthy myopic patients. Vacuolar changes developed just after the irrigating procedure through the narrow space between the ICL an...

PURPOSE To report the outcomes of the correction of mixed astigmatism with non-penetrating femtosecond laser intrastromal astigmatic keratotomy in patients with previous refractive surgery. METHODS One hundred twelve eyes that had low mixed astigmatism after excimer laser surgery, refractive lens exchange, or phakic intraocular lens implantation underwent intrastromal astigmatic keratotomy us...

BACKGROUND To report a case of Streptococcus mitis/oralis endophthalmitis management which had developed after complicated iris-fixated phakic intraocular (pIOL) lens implantation. CASE PRESENTATION A 23-year-old-woman received pIOL implantation followed secondary intraocular intervention to lower intraocular pressure. The patient presented with severe pain and decreased visual acuity and was...

OBJECTIVE To describe the use of transepithelial phototherapeutic keratecomy for the long-term treatment of post-laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap macrostriae. METHOD We present the case of a 22 year old male with visual loss in the left eye due to chronic flap macrostriae that was treated with transepithelial PTK. RESULTS Striae and haze were no longer visible, with a significant i...

PURPOSE To evaluate staged combined treatment for keratoconus with intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation followed by corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) with riboflavin-ultraviolet-A (UVA) and then toric implantable collagen copolymer phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implantation. SETTING Large private ophthalmic hospital system. DESIGN Case series. METHODS Eyes with progres...

This chapter describes current surgical techniques used to correct myopia, including laser correction (laser surgeries), incisional techniques, intrastromal corneal rings, phakic intra‐ ocular lenses, and refractive lensectomy.