Phase-amplitude coupling between theta and multiple gamma sub-bands is a hallmark of hippocampal activity and believed to take part in information routing. More recently, theta and gamma oscillations were also reported to exhibit phase-phase coupling, or n:m phase-locking, suggesting an important mechanism of neuronal coding that has long received theoretical support. However, by analyzing simu...

A metastable phase of NbN with superconducting T c =16.4 K was reported recently by Treece and collaborators. The reported structure of the thin film sample deviates from the rocksalt (B1) NbN structure with 25% ordered vacancies on each sublattice (space group Pm3m) and a lattice constant of 4.442Å. Using full potential electronic structure methods, we contrast the electronic structure with th...

Warmer springs may cause animals to become mistimed if advances of spring timing, including available resources and of timing of breeding occur at different speed. We used thermal sums (cumulative sum of degree days) during spring to describe the thermal progression (timing) of spring and investigate its relationship to breeding phenology and demography of a long-distant migrant bird, the north...

Climate change affects the timing of phenological events, such as the start, end, and length of the growing season of vegetation. A better understanding of how the phenology responded to climatic determinants is important in order to better anticipate future climate-ecosystem interactions. We examined the changes of three phenological events for the Mongolian Plateau and their climatic determin...

Louie H. Yang and V. H. W. Rudolf* Department of Entomology, UC Davis, CA 95616, USA Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77098, USA *Correspondence: E-mail: [email protected] These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract Climate change is altering the phenology of many species and the timing of their interactions with other species, but the...

Knowledge about the fungal spores most abundant in the atmosphere of a vineyard is of great use since it allows development of prediction models of the spore concentration, and therefore application of phytosanitary treatments only when high levels of fungal propaguls are detected. In this study the concentration of phytopathogenic spores is related with the different phenological stages of the...

Reproductive phenologies of plants are constrained by climate in highly seasonal regions. In contrast, plants growing in wet tropical forests are freed from many abiotic constraints, which in canopy tree communities lead to a rich diversity of phenological patterns within and among individuals, species and communities. However, basic descriptions of tropical phenological patterns and the proces...

Phenological shifts in events such as flowering and bud break are important indicators of ecosystem processes, and are therefore of particular significance for carbon (C) cycle research. Using long-term flux data from three contrasting plant functional type (evergreen and deciduous) boreal forest sites, we evaluated and compared the responses of annual C fluxes to multiple spring phenological i...

Seabirds are one of the most threatened groups of birds globally and, overall, their conservation status is deteriorating rapidly. Southern hemisphere countries are over-represented in the number of species of conservation concern yet long-term phenological data on seabirds in the southern hemisphere is limited. A better understanding of the implications of changes in the marine and terrestrial...